【作者】 史晓宁；

【导师】 崔乃刚；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 飞行器设计， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 面向未来大规模深空探测,空间后勤技术是保证任务可行性、可靠性、可负担性、可维持性的重要途径之一。美国在空间后勤技术领域的研究起步较早,NASA研究人员目前已将空间后勤问题作为美国空间任务系统设计过程中的一个重要方面来考虑,这对我国发展空间技术也是一个启示。目前我国正大力发展探月工程等一系列深空探测活动,根据我国空间技术发展的实际情况,发展空间后勤技术将是十分必要的。本文以载人登月任务为背景,调研了国内外大量的外空间探测和空间后勤补给的资料,建立了空间后勤补给轨道链模型以及空间后勤补给管理模型,并设计了一套数学仿真软件,对空间后勤系统的效能进行了分析和评估。本文首先将陆地后勤补给与空间后勤补给进行类比,通过对工业、商业、军事等相关领域补给链设计的类比研究,发现它们与空间后勤补给的潜在相似点并得出空间后勤补给链的一般设计方法、基本准则和设计约束,并最终形成了一套空间后勤补给策略。然后基于时间最优及燃料最优的原则对补给节点、分段运输轨道、运输停泊轨道进行优化设计,得到满足空间后勤要求的行星际空间探测轨道,建立了空间后勤补给轨道链网络。随后通过对行星际空间探测任务补给品的研究,考虑空间任务的不确定因素以及不同类补给品的消耗速率、必要性优先级、老化和损耗等问题,建立了较为精确的空间后勤管理模型。最后将上述得到的空间后勤管理模型结合到空间后勤补给网络中,并在Matlab环境下基于网络节点开发了一套空间后勤补给链网络仿真软件,它能够在保证可靠性和可行性的基础上对空间后勤补给策略进行优化设计,并给出航天器、补给品在后勤补给网络中流动的多信息直观显示。该软件为空间后勤补给网络设计和优化、大规模后勤补给体系分析提供了一个有效的仿真工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 Space Logistics Technology is one of the most important ways to ensure the feasibility, reliability, affordability and sustainability of human space missions. The United States started early in the field of space logistics technology, space logistical problems now have been considered as an important aspect in the design process of current U.S. space mission by NASA researchers, this is also a revelation to China. At present, China is to develop a series of deep space exploration activities such as the lunar exploration project, according to China’s actual situation of space technology development, the research of space logistics technology is necessary.This paper chose moon mission as background, researched a lot of domestic and foreign space logistics information, built the model of space logistics orbital supply chain and space logistics supply management, then designed a mathematical simulation software, at last analyzed and evaluated the effectiveness of space logistics system.Firstly, this article analogized land-based logistics and space logistics, by comparison to industrial, commercial, military and other related neighborhood supply chain design, found their potential similarity with space logistics, then obtained the general design method, basic principles and design constraints of the space logistics supply chain, eventually formed a preliminary strategy for space logistics. After that we based on the principles of time optimal and fuel optimal to design the supply nodes, staging transportation track, transportation parking orbit, obtained the interplanetary space exploration orbit which met the space logistics requirements, established the network of space logistics supply orbit chain. Then through research to the supplies of interplanetary space exploration missions, considering the uncertainty of space missions as well as consumption rate of different types of supplies, necessity and priority issues, aging and loss, a more accurate supply-demand model was set up. Finally, we integrated this more accurate space logistics management model into the space logistics supply network, and developed an interplanetary logistics supply chain network simulation software in the Matlab environment based on network node. It could optimization the space logistics supply strategies on the basis of ensuring the reliability and feasibility, and gave more information visual display of spacecraft and supplies flow in the logistics network. This software provided an effective simulation tool for design and optimization of the space logistics supply network.更多还原