【作者】 杜田民；

【导师】 姚智慧；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 24V车载电动扳手主要应用于重型运输车辆轮胎的拆卸。在车辆行驶途中如果轮胎发生故障,此时车辆远离维修地点,既无专业的维修设备又无维修技师,因此整个轮胎的拆卸和安装过程都要由驾驶员亲自完成。以往的电动、风动扳手不仅体积和重量比较大,不便于随车携带,而且工作功率很高,相应的对于能量源的要求也很高。而汽车在行驶途中,唯有车载蓄电池可以作为能量源,且车载蓄电池的输出功率很低,所以现有的电动、风动扳手无法满足车载环境下的使用要求。因此设计一款体积小、重量轻、便于携带,能够以车载蓄电池作为能量来源的电动扳手是十分必要的。由于车载蓄电池输出功率的限制,采用传统的转矩电机搭配行星减速器的方案已经不能够满足工作的要求。因此本文提出了一种储能式的冲击机构方案,设计了以储能飞轮和冲击机构为核心的机械结构,且对关键零部件进行了有限元分析,对其刚度和局部强度进行了评价。利用虚拟样机技术,对24V车载电动冲击扳手进行了三维实体建模,建立了动态仿真模型,模拟电动扳手的工作情况,验证了电动冲击扳手的输出力矩。在仿真结果的基础上,对冲击机构工作过程进行了深入分析,根据分析结果对冲击机构进行了结构改进,提高了冲击机构工作的可靠性。最后,利用实验室现有设备,设计了对电动冲击扳手进行输出力矩验证实验的检测装置以及实验台。实验装置通过对储能飞轮转速的测量,实现了间接测量输出力矩的目的。通过实验,得到了满意的测试结果。本文通过对冲击机构工作数学模型的分析、冲击机构虚拟样机模型的模拟仿真和物理样机的实验结果三者的比较分析,最终验证了整个24V车载电动冲击扳手理论分析和结构设计上的正确性,为工程实际应用奠定了良好的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 24V vehicle electric wrench is mainly applied to dismantle tire of heavy transport vehicles. Tire is broken down on the way while vehicle is travelling far away from vehicle servicing station, in such a case, there are no Professional maintenance equipment and maintenance technician, so the drives must be accomplished the whole process of dismantling and fixing tire by themselves. Previous electric, pneumatic wrench are not inconvenient to carry because of large weight and huge volume ,furthermore, they demand high energy source in accord with the high efficiency, but vehicles on the way only carry vehicle battery with low power. so, previous electric, pneumatic wrench are only used in the workshop. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a small, lightweight and easily-carry electric wrench supplied by the vehicle battery. The traditional torque motor collocation planetary reducer scheme can no longer meet the requirements due to the limit of the vehicle battery’s output power. Thus this paper puts forward a impact mechanism scheme of energy storage, designs a mechanical structure whose score is storage flywheel and impact mechanism, adopt the finite element analysis on the key part as well as the evaluation of its stiffness and local strength.The paper implements 3d entity modeling scheme on 24V vehicle electric impact wrench Using the virtual prototype technology, simulate the working condition of the electromotive spanner by establishing a dynamic simulation model to verify the output torque of electric impact wrench. Then it analyses the impact mechanism of working progress based on the results of the simulation, optimize the design of the impact mechanism to improve the reliability of the impact mechanism. Finally, this paper designs the detection device and experimental platform for validating the output torque by of the electric impact wrench by using the existing equipment of the laboratory. The purpose of measuring the output torque indirectly achieved by measuring the speed of the energy flywheel and the result is satisfied.Finally, the paper verifies the theory of electric vehicle 24V impact wrench and the correctness of the structural design by comparing the following three parts, the analysis on the mathematical model of the impact mechanism, simulating the impact mechanism of virtual prototype model, experiment of the physical prototype, which lays a good foundation for engineering application.更多还原