【作者】 叶伟；

【导师】 孙力；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 电机与电器， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 微型燃气轮机发电系统中处于高速运行的永磁同步电机呈现电动与发电两种运行模式,转速可达96000r/min。在永磁同步电机的控制系统中,准确检测转子位置是必不可少的,但是高速永磁电机由于其本身转速高的特性,使得转子位置检测成为难以处理的环节。另外,一些传统的获取转子位置信息的方法,易受环境及本身特性等因素的影响,而无法应用于高速永磁电机的位置检测。本文针对高速永磁电机控制系统中转子位置检测的问题,开展了多模式检测技术的研究工作,其中包括线性霍尔传感器、磁阻式旋转变压器和滑模观测器等方法,并对三种方法在高速永磁电机中的适应性做了分析研究。首先,为了更好的开展位置检测技术的研究工作,对高速永磁电机系统的工作机理进行分析并推导系统的数学模型。结合高速永磁电机矢量控制系统,分析了位置信号在控制过程中的作用,并阐述了多模式转子位置检测的方法。其次,详细研究了采用线性霍尔传感器位置检测单元的构成和位置检测方法,并对实际应用中检测方法存在的误差进行了分析,提出了具体的修正措施。设计了基于线性霍尔传感器的位置检测电路,在此基础上搭建基于线性霍尔的高速永磁电机控制系统,并进行了实验研究和性能分析。再次,在分析磁阻式旋转变压器工作原理的基础上,对其角误差的产生原因进行了论述。针对旋转变压器输出信号处理复杂的问题,重点分析了基于AU6802N1解码芯片的旋转变压器信号处理系统的构成,并设计开发了基于旋转变压器的高速永磁电机驱动控制器,进行相关实验,验证了方法的准确性。最后,深入分析基于滑模观测器的高速永磁电机转子位置检测原理,采用指数趋近律方法抑制了滑模固有的抖振现象,通过MATLAB/SIMULINK工具建立了基于滑模观测器的高速永磁电机无传感器矢量控制系统的仿真模型,验证了方法的正确性。搭建了以TMS320F2812数字信号处理器为控制单元的系统实验平台,进行了实验研究,实验结果验证了此方法的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Microturbine Power Generation system, high speed PMSM presents two operation modes as motor and generator with a rotating speed of 96000r/min. In the controlling system of high speed PMSM, it’s necessary to detect the position of rotor, but it’s a difficult step to detect the position of rotor due to the high rotational speed of high speed PMSM. In addition, some traditional methods to acquire the position information are easily affected by the factors such as the condition and can’t be applied to detect the position of high speed PMSM. In this paper, research work of multi-mode detection technique was carried out aiming at the problem of detecting the rotor position in the controlling system of high speed PMSM, including the methods of linear hall-effect sensors, reluctance resolver and sliding mode observer, as well as the analysis and study of the adaptability of these three methods in PMSM. First, in order to better carry out research work of position detection, working mechanism of PMSM system was analyzed and mathematical model of the system was deduced. In combination with the structure of PMSM vector control system, the function of position signal in control process was analyzed and method of multi-mode rotor position detection was described.Secondly, the structure of position detection unit and the method of position detection using linear hall-effect sensors were investigated in detail, the existing errors of detection method in practical application were analyzed and specific modified measure was proposed. Position detection circuit was designed on the basis of linear Hall-effect sensors and controlling system of high speed PMSM was established based on the linear Hall-effect sensors. Then experimental study was performed and the properties were analyzed.Once again, the causes of angle error were discussed based on the analysis of working principle of reluctance resolver. Aiming at the problem that output signals of resolver were complex, signal processing system of resolver was mainly analyzed based on the AU6802N1 decoding chip and drive controller of high speed PMSM was developed based on the resolver where relevant experiments were carried out to verify the feasibility of the method.Finally, rotor position detection principle of high speed PMSM was deeply analyzed based on the sliding mode observer and method of exponential reaching law was used to inhibit the inherent chattering phenomenon of sliding mode observer. By MATLAB/SIMULINK tool, simulation model of high speed PMSM sensorless vector controlling system was established based on the sliding mode observer, and validity of the method was verified. Experimental platform was set up based on the TMS320F2812 digital signal processor as controlling unit and experimental study was performed. Experimental results proved this method is feasible.更多还原