【作者】 马骥超；

【导师】 袁业术；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 分布式移动多载舰地波OTH(Over-The Horizon)雷达是以海军舰队的多艘军舰为离散装载平台的全新体制的雷达。这种雷达体制先进、性能优越、功能强大,且系统资源配置灵活,能在复杂的电磁和海洋环境下对海面舰船目标和掠海飞行目标实现可变范围的超视距探测,是地波OTH雷达探测领域的一个重要研究方向。然而这种雷达结构复杂、系统庞大,无论是在体制研究、系统资源配置,还是在系统设计和信号处理方面都有诸多的关键技术需要解决。而精确测量舰群中任意两雷达平台之间的距离,精确测算出每一雷达平台的姿态及接收天线波束的指向,是实现雷达整体探测性能、完成对目标精确定位的重要基础。本文就是以GPS全球定位系统为基础,利用GPS的精确性和高效率对分布式移动多载舰地波OTH雷达系统中的任意两雷达平台间的瞬时距离的精确测定及雷达平台姿态测量技术进行深入的理论分析和具体的实验,为后续的姿态测量及定位系统的实现提供理论依据和技术支撑。本文首先对GPS的信号体制及定位原理进行了理论分析,接着给出了GPS单点定位各项误差的分类、产生机理、其对定位精度的影响及其消除方法,而且进一步地建模解算了三类空间相关误差在差分定位中的剩余残差,证明了基于GPS的动态差分定位方案在处理本文需要解决的分布式舰载雷达姿态测量系统问题上的可行性。最后完成了利用GPS差分技术进行两移动平台间距和姿态的实际测量试验,给出了具体的实验步骤和实验解算结果,对该结果进行了分析以及对于实验中所产生的问题提出了解决方法和改进意见,其实验和解算步骤对于实际测量过程具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The distributed moving multi-carriable warship ground wave OTH (Over-The-Horizon) radar is a kind of brand new system radar, whose discrete loading platform is many warships of navy armada. This kind of radar has an advanced system, excellent effectiveness, powerful functions, and a flexible configuration of system resources. It can accomplish range changeable over-the-horizon detecting on targets of warship and aircraft grazing the ocean in the circumstances of complicated electromagnet and ocean, and it is an important research territory of warship ground wave OTH radar detection domain. However, this kind of radar has a complicated construction, huge system, and there are many crucial technical difficulties to be solved, whether on system research, configuration of system resource, or on system design and signal processing. But precisely measuring the distance between each two radar platforms of armada, the gesture of radar platform of each warship and point of receiving antenna beam are important foundations of accomplishing radar overall detecting capabilities and positioning target precisely. This thesis firstly stand upon the platform of Global Positioning System, utilizing the accuracy and high-efficiency of GPS to make a deep theoretical analysis and feasibility demonstration on precise measuring technology of the instantaneous distance between each two radar platforms and radar platform gesture detection of the distributed moving multi-carriable warship ground wave OTH (Over-The-Horizon) radar system, and to provide theoretical foundation and technology support to following implement of gesture detecting and orientation system.This thesis firstly makes a theoretical analysis on the components, signal system, and positioning theory of GPS, it is the foundation of designing following measuring experiments. And then this thesis puts forward the classification and emergence mechanism of each item of error of GPS orientation, and their influences on the precision of positioning, and the methods to eliminate them. Furthermore, we build models and calculate the magnitude of residual error of three kinds of space-interrelated error in the differential positioning, which provides us a further understanding about the effects of each kind of error on the measurement results. And it also proves the feasibility of this method on solving the questions which need to be settled in this thesis. And then, this thesis fatherly conducts the practical measurement experiment on the distance of two moving platforms and gesture with GPS differential technology, gives the specific experiment procedures and resolving results, which are analyzed, and then put forward the solving methods and suggestions for improvement against the problems emerged in the experiments. The experiments and calculating process which is bringing forward has a guided significance on the practical measuring process.更多还原