【作者】 李波；

【导师】 谢俊好；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 T/R-R雷达系统是单基地雷达与双基地雷达相结合的一种复合雷达系统,由一部发射机和两部分置的接收机构成,其中一部接收机与发射机同址。高频地波雷达(HFSWR)可以对海面和空中目标超视距探测,具有反隐身、反超低空突袭、抗反辐射导弹的能力。双基地地雷达具有较强的抗电子干扰、抗打击、隐蔽性好等特点。因此,T/R-R高频地波雷达系统将具有单基地和双基地高频地波雷达的优点,不仅能提高目标发现、跟踪能力,而且系统部署灵活,同时进一步扩大了探测范围,因此引起人们广泛重视。本文主要对T/R-R地高频地波雷达探测范围、目标定位及目标配对算法进行了研究。本文首先分析了高频地波雷达方程,分析影响高频地波雷达性能的环境因素,包括海杂波、大气噪声、电离层杂波以及通信、雷电等干扰。根据高频地波雷达白天与黑夜工作环境不同,分别提出了白天和黑夜高频地波雷达探测范围确定方法并根据实际工程需要通过计算机仿真计算了T/R-R高频地波雷达探测范围。其次,根据T/R-R高频地波雷达测得目标的四个参数(即距离和、目标至发射站距离、发射基地和接收基地的目标视角)对目标定位。分别研究了目标平面定位和球面定位。根据平面定位方程,分析了平面定位精度。首次提出了高频地波雷达球面定位算法并分析了球面定位精度。比较了T/R-R高频地波雷达平面定位较之于球面定位定位误差。分析并仿真了线性最小二乘算法、加权最小二乘算法、非线性最小二乘算法等定位算法。由于传统球面定位定位误差协方差矩阵为奇异矩阵,提出一种球表面定位误差协方差矩阵,并以此作为衡量球面定位误差大小标准。针对线性最小二乘算法在方位角为直角时定位精度很差的情况,提出一种改进的线性最小二乘算法,有效提高了上述区域的定位精度。最后,针对由于诸多原因而导致T/R站与R站对同一目标的不同定位,提出了全局最小残差和算法。仿真结果表明,这种方法能够对目标配对优于传统最近临域法。关于目标配对算法,亟待进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The T/R-R radar system is a compound system of monostatic radar and bistatic radar, including a transmitter and two receivers, one of which is co-located with the transmitter. High frequency surface wave radar which can detect targets over the horizon bears the abilities in anti-stealth, anti-low altitude attack, anti-radiate missile. Bistatic radar has strong advantages in anti-electronic jamming, anti-attack and well concealment. The T/R-R HFSWR combines the merits of HFSWR and bistatic radar, which improves the ability of target finding and enlarges the detection range. This thesis mainly study and discuss detection range, target positioning and target matching of T/R-R HFSWRFirstly, the HFSWR equation is analysed and the factors affecting the target detection are discussed, which consist of sea clutter, ionosphere clutter, environment noise, radio interference, meteor-trail clutter. Owning to the different working condition of day and night, different methods are represented to calculate the detection range of HFSWR. Computer simulation of T/R-R HFSWR detection range is made according to the engineering background.Secondly, according to the four parameters obtained by T/R-R HFSWR, namely the range sum between the transmitter, target and receiver, the range between the transmitter and target, two receiver azimuth, target position can be estimated. Sphere positioning algorithm is first presented in the thesis and its accuracy is simulated. Sphere positioning is compared with plane positioning. Linear least-squares algorithm, weighted least-square algorithm and nonlinear least-square algorithm are applied to the target positioning and simulation results are made. As traditional positioning error covariance matrix is singular, a new positioning error covariance calculation is presented as critera of target positioning error. Because of low positioning accuracy when the amizth is right angle in the linear least square algorithm, an improved linear least square algorithm is presented to improve target positioning effectively.Finally, if multiple targets are detected in T/R-R system, effective matching method is needed to determine whether target detection results in T/R and T-R system belong to the same target or not. A target matching method is proposed and simulation result shows that this method can match targets effectively.更多还原