【作者】 沈立梅；

【导师】 王强；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 控制科学与工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 超声波检测是无损检测的一种重要方法,在工业探伤中应用广泛。相控阵探伤仪是通过控制相控探头各个阵元的激励延迟时间来控制波束的偏转和发射聚焦,从而实现对工件的相控扫描。与传统的超声波检测方法相比,相控阵超声波检测具有速度快、扫描范围大、可达性好等优点,逐渐成为近年来超声检测的一个研究热点。本文主要进行相控阵探伤仪上位机软件系统的设计。在Linux系统下,以C语言为基础,通过Motif进行用户图像界面的设计并使用OpenGL进行超声图像的绘制,结合相控阵探伤仪本身的特点进行其它功能的设计和实现。本文首先研究了超声探伤的原理以及相控阵的发射和接收聚焦原理；其次,实现了人机交互界面的设计,包括超声A型图和B型图的显示；最后,实现了其它的一些基本功能,如参数控制、TGC控制、报告打印等。本文介绍了图像平滑、图像锐化和图像分割的经典算法,并进行编程实现,通过图像处理功能,滤除图像中混入的噪声,提取图像的边缘,最终将超声图像分为缺陷和背景两部分。本文分析了金属工件焊接过程中常见的几种缺陷的形成原因、特点及危害,并针对气孔缺陷进行模拟；经过图像处理以后,采取A型图和B型图相结合的方法,对缺陷进行定位,并计算缺陷的中心位置、长度、宽度以及面积,最后,将计算结果进行存储。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ultrasonic testing is one of non-destructive testing methods, which is widely used in industrial inspection. Ultrasonic phased array testing is a method which uses phased array method in ultrasonic testing by controlling the delay-time of every element to control the deflexion and focus of ultrasonic beam. Compared to the traditional ultrasonic testing method, ultrasonic phased array testing has a lot of advantages, such as rapid scanning, large scan range, good accessibility and so on, therefore, in recent years,it becomes a research focus.This thesis’s primary work is to design the software system for phased array inspecting system, including designing the graphic user interface with Motif and drawing the ultrasound image with OpenGL and realizing other functions of the software system, all of these are done under Linux and programmed by C language. Firstly, this thesis studied on the principle of ultrasonic equipment and algorithm of ultrasonic transmission and receiving; Secondly, this thesis realized the graphic user interface, including A-display, B-display of ultrasonic image; At last, this thesis realized other functions such as parameter controlling, TGC controlling, reporting and so on.This thesis illustrated and realized several kinds of classical methods of image smothing, image sharpening ang image segment, after these methods applicated, the noise in the ultrasonic image was filtered and the edge of image was detected, finally, the image was divided into two parts:defect and background.This thesis also analyzed the causes, characteristics and harm of metal defects, and simulated metal porosity defects, after image process, with ultrasonic image of A and B-display, located the defect that was selected, caculated length and width and area of the defect, then, saved the results.更多还原