【作者】 张计划；

【导师】 袁怡宝；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 仪器科学与技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 气缸盖是发动机的配气机构和燃油供给系统的重要组成部分。它的关键部位气门阀座和气门导管孔的加工精度直接影响着发动机的气密性、油耗、耐久性、扭矩大小和有效输出功率等性能指标。在气门阀座的各项检测参数中,气门阀座密封锥面相对导管孔中心线的跳动尤为重要。由于锥面密封带宽度很窄、气门导管孔很深而且内径很小,用普通测量方法很难对之进行精密检测,测量效率也很低。因此,为了满足用户“精确、高效”的检测要求,有必要为缸盖阀座跳动参数检测研制一种操作简单、高效、高精度、高可靠性的专用在线电子检测仪器。文中对缸盖气门阀座跳动的测量原理进行了研究;在此基础上,给出了跳动检具的总体设计,建立了测量数学模型,包括实时方程数学模型和非实时方程数学模型;接着研究了量规上电感式位移传感器的信号处理系统,包括波形发生电路、放大电路、相敏检波电路和低通滤波电路;设计了以ADμC843单片机为核心的H型受限单极性可逆PWM驱动系统,实现了对检具旋转测量过程的控制。在检具转动一圈的过程中,检具上的所有测点绕着导管孔中心线和阀座锥面扫描一周,与此同时传感器的信号被计算机与数据采集卡组成的数据采集系统进行整周取样。由计算机根据事先设定的测量方程进行计算处理,给出测量结果。文中还讨论了统计测量的理论,给出(x|-)-R控制图等以供工艺人员进行工艺分析。最后进行了测试验证。实验证明,该检测仪具有精度高、效率高、可靠性高的特点,完全可以满足生产线上快节奏高精度检测的需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cylinder head is an important component of the engine valve train and fuel supply system. As the key part of the cylinder head, the processing precision of the valve seat and valve guide hole affects the gastightness, the fuel consumption, the durability, the effective torque output power and other performance indicators directly. For the parameters test of the valve seat, the relative run-out of conical surface of the valve seat to the centerline of guide hole is particularly important. The width of the cone seal is very narrow, and the valve guide hole is very deep and its diameter is too small, so it is difficult to be measured with common measurement methods, and the detection efficiency is very low. It is necessary to develop a kind of simple equipment which has high efficiency, strong reliability and high precision to meet the requirements of users.Firstly, the paper designs the total solution and sets up the mathematics model of the measurement system including real-time equation and non-real-time equation on the basis of the research of the run-out measurement principle of the cylinder head valve seat. Secondly, the paper studies the signal processing system of inductive displacement sensor on the gauge including waveform generation circuit, amplifier circuit, phase sensitive detection circuit and low pass filter circuit. Lastly, taking ADμC843 MCU as the core, the project uses H-limited unipolar PWM driving system to control the rotation system.In the process of detector’s rotation, all the measurement points scan a lap around the guide hole centerline and the conical surface of the valve seat. At the same time all the sensor signals are sampled by the data acquisition system composed of computer and DAQ. Then the computer deals with the sampled data and calculates the result according to the equation which the software pre-sets. The paper also introduces the theory of statistical measurement. The technologists can analyze the process with the (x|-)-R charts.Finally, the performance test for the gauge has been done. The test data shows that the detector has good stability, good repeatability and high detection accuracy. The detector meets the needs of the fast-paced and high-precision detection for the production line.更多还原