【作者】 胡承志；

【导师】 丁雪梅；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 仪器科学与技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 超磁致伸缩材料是一种新型的功能材料,与传统的磁致伸缩材料相比具有磁致伸缩应变大、能量密度高、响应速度快等显著的优点。基于超磁致伸缩材料的微位移驱动器在超精密加工、快速定位调节、主动减震降噪、流体控制等领域有广泛的应用。超磁致伸缩材料在工作状态下把电磁能转换为机械能,能量的大小由驱动电源决定,驱动器的静态和动态工作特性主要取决于励磁线圈的驱动电源的性能。所以电流源的设计是超磁致伸缩驱动器的研究和应用中的关键技术。本文根据超磁致伸缩驱动器的特点,通过分析对比不同类型恒流源电路原理,设计了适合本课题的连续调整型电流源电路,并研究其控制结构。通过分析该电路的系统误差得出影响电流源输出精度的最关键的环节,分别是基准电压、采样电阻和运算放大器,并提出了抑制系统误差的方法和措施。其次,对电流源中使用的功率MOSFET,分析了其输入输出特性及驱动电路的特点,设计了满足系统要求的功率MOSFET驱动电路和过流保护电路。对功率MOSFET使用中产生热量的问题,设计了系统的散热装置。再次,完成了系统的硬件电路设计,包括恒流源电路、DSP控制系统、D/A转换模块、温度测量模块、键盘模块、液晶显示模块、电源模块、PCB设计,以及上位机软件的编写。最后,对本文设计的超磁致伸缩驱动器电流源进行了性能指标的测试。输出电流稳定度优于0.3‰、纹波电流系数优于1%、负载调整率优于0.3‰、电压调整率优于0.6‰,均满足系统要求,为超磁致伸缩驱动器的精密定位提供了保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 Giant magnetostrictive material is a novel functional material. It has a series of significant advantages, such as strain large, high energy density, fast response compared to traditional magnetostrictive material. Micro-displacement actuator based on giant magnetostrictive material has wide applications in the fields of ultra-precision machining, fast positioning and adjustment, active vibration and noise reduction, fluid control and so on. During it works, magnetostrictive material change electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy, the energy size depends on the out put of the driving power. Static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of Giant magnetostrictive actuator lies on the performance of driving power for inductance coil. Therefore, the design of driving power is a key technology in research and application of giant magnetostrictive actuator.In this paper, based on the features of giant magnetostrictive actuator, through analyzing and comparing different types of constant current source circuits, a continuously adjustable current source circuit has been done and its control structure is analyzed. Through analyzing systematic error of the circuit system, it is obtained that voltage reference, sampling resistance, operational amplifier affect the output precision of current source mostly. Accordingly, methods have been proposed to restrain systematic error.Secondly, analyzing for input and output characteristics of power MOSFET used in the current source has is given in this paper. Accordingly, driving circuit of gate and over current protection circuit have been designed. In order to solve the heat dissipation problem of power MOSFET, a radiator is designed and assembled. Thirdly, hardware circuit of current source has been made, including constant current source circuit, DSP control system, figure model conversion circuit, temperature measuring module, keyboard module, LCD module, power module, PCB design and upper computer software.Finally, the performance index of giant magnetostrictive actuator driving power has been tested. Test results are output current stability is up to0.3‰, current ripple factor is up to 1%, load regulation is up to 0.3‰, voltage regulation is up to 0.6‰. It can meet the system requirements for the giant magnetostrictive actuator to provide a guarantee of precision positioning.更多还原