【作者】 卢爱贞；

【导师】 张纪刚；

【作者基本信息】 青岛理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 摩擦耗能减震技术可以显著提高结构的抗震性能,Pall摩擦阻尼器制造简单、安装方便、造价低廉,因而具有广泛的应用前景,是结构振动控制的重要研究方向。但Pall摩擦阻尼器的四连杆支撑在罕遇地震作用下容易屈曲引起较大塑性变形,且不可恢复,不易修复。为克服这一缺点,本文提出将两种新型支撑(防屈曲钢支撑和形状记忆合金支撑)替换Pall摩擦阻尼器的普通四连杆支撑,通过有限元软件ANSYS12.0对两种新型Pall摩擦阻尼支撑体系进行了滞回特性分析,并对装有这两种新型摩擦阻尼支撑体系的10层钢框架进行了罕遇地震作用分析,比较了其减震效果。本文的主要研究内容有:(1)提出一种新型Pall-BRB摩擦阻尼体系,即装有防屈曲钢支撑的Pall型摩擦阻尼体系。采用ANSYS12.0对防屈曲钢支撑构件进行滞回特性分析,分析各种参数对其滞回性能的影响。并对装有此种Pall型摩擦阻尼支撑体系的单层钢框架进行了详细的有限元滞回特性分析,分析结果表明,防屈曲钢支撑在受拉、受压情况下均能屈服,具有良好的耗能能力,克服了普通支撑受压容易屈曲的缺点,使得框架结构受力更合理。(2)利用形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy,简称SMA)的超弹性性能以及形状记忆效应,提出一种新型Pall-SMA支撑体系,即装有SMA支撑的Pall型摩擦阻尼体系。利用有限元软件ANSYS12.0分析SMA支撑构件的超弹性性能以及滞回性能,分析各种材料参数对其超弹性的影响。并对装有SMA支撑的Pall型摩擦阻尼器进行有限元滞回性能分析,并分析了SMA支撑长度、刚度等参数对其滞回性能的影响,分析结果表明,装有SMA支撑的Pall摩擦阻尼器的滞回曲线饱满,具有良好的耗能能力。(3)以某钢框架办公楼为例,安装本文提出的两种新型Pall型摩擦阻尼支撑体系,进行不同卓越周期地震波作用下的反应及减震效果分析。分析结果表明,安装新型Pall型摩擦阻尼器能有效提高结构的抗震能力,并会克服普通Pall型摩擦阻尼器的四连杆支撑带给框架柱不利影响的缺点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Frictional energy dissipation technology is a very important research direction in structure vibration control because frictional damper can improve seismic performance of structure with easy fabrication,simple installation,and economical applicability.But the braces of Pall-typed friction damper are easily buckled in a severe earthquake,and its non-recoverable deformation is large.To overcome these shortcomings,this paper proposes two new brace systems,steel buckling-restrained brace and SMA brace, to replace the ordinary braces.and this paper analyzes the hysteretic behaviors of the two new Pall-typed frictional damper using the finite element software ANSYS12.0.In the last,the paper analyzes the seismic performances of the 10-floor steel frame with the two new type Pall dampers and compares their effects with the frame without dampers.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1) Pall-BRB system,the Pall-typed frictional damper with steel buckling-restained braces(BRB),is proposed.The paper analyzes the hysteretic behaviord of the BRB brace,and studies the effects of the various parameters on the hysteretic behavior.Then the hysteretic behaviors of the single floor steel frame with the new Pall-typed frictional damper are analyzed in detail.The results show that,the brace can easily yielded under tension and comparession and have good capacity to dissipate energy.The results also reveal that the BRB brace system can overcome the default of the ordinary brace and make the force of the frame structure more reasonable.(2) Pall-SMA brace system,the Pall-typed frictional damper with SMA(Shape Memory Alloy) braces,is proposed based on the super-elastic and shape memory properties.The super-elastic and hystereic behaviors of the SMA brace are studied using ANSYS12.0,and the effect of the various material parameters are also analyzed.Then the paper studies the hysteretic behaviors of the single floor steel frame with the new Pall-typed frictional damper in detail,and also analyzes the effects of the length and the stiffness of the SMA brace on it’s hysteretic behavior.The results indicate that the hysteretic loops of the Pall-SMA frictional damper is full and the capability to dissipate energy is better. (3) Taking a steel frame building with the two new Pall-typed frictional dampers as a example in this paper, the responses and the seismic performances of this building subjected to the different predominant period of seismic waves loads are analyzed.The results show that,the two new structures can improve the seismic performance of the frame effectively,and they can also overcome the defaults of the structure with the ordinary Pall-typed frictional dampers.更多还原