【作者】 徐诚；

【导师】 宗鹏；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着卫星通信技术的发展,移动卫星通信系统已成为一种机动通信的良好手段,可用于汽车、火车、舰船、飞机等各种移动载体上,有着广泛的市场和应用前景。移动卫星通信系统的关键设备是天线稳定跟踪系统。目前,国内车载移动卫星天线稳定跟踪系统大都使用方位和俯仰二轴机械结构,只能实现天线波束轴线的稳定,不能隔离波束滚动;同时,多数设计方案采用高精度的陀螺作为测姿传感器,成本昂贵。本课题正是根据这种情况,对现有天线稳定跟踪系统提出两点重要改进:一、使用三轴稳定策略,避免天线波束滚动,提高通信质量;二、使用微机电MEMS(Micro Electron Mechanical System)传感器组合搭建出具有较高精度的测姿系统,降低成本。论文从工程应用出发,首先介绍了天线稳定跟踪系统的总体方案,包括天线座的机械结构、隔离车体扰动的稳定控制方案、寻星对星的扫描跟踪方案;其次根据系统的要求对元件、模块选型,设计了相关电路,为下一步开发打下基础;然后介绍了系统的软件设计,包括μc/OS-II实时操作系统在MSP430F149单片机上的移植,系统任务的规划,并结合具体源码介绍了测姿系统的主要功能函数;接着着重讨论了天线稳定跟踪系统的初始对准算法、动态跟踪算法和三轴稳定算法,介绍了测姿部分传感器的数据融合算法以及姿态解算算法。最后,针对系统调试和工作中存在的一些问题,给出了下一步的工作思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of satellite communication,mobile satellite communication system which can be used in vehicles,trains,ships,planes and other mobile carriers has became a good solution for mobile communication and has had a broad market space and good prospect of application.The key equipment of mobile satellite communication system is the antenna stabilized tracking system. Presently,the azimuth and pitching 2-axis mechanical construction has been used in most of vehicle -borne mobile satellite antenna stabilized tracking systems in our country,which only can make the antenna beam axis stable but cann’t isolate antenna beam rolling.Besides,most designs have used hight precision gyroscopes as attitude measured sensors which cost a lot.This project makes two important changes to the existing antenna stabilized tracking system:firstly, 3-axis stabilized scheme has been adopted in order to aviod antenna beam rolling and improve communication quality;secondly, combination of MEMS(Micro Electron Mechanical System) sensors has been used to construct high accuracy attitude measured system,which can reduce the cost.Based on the engineering application,this paper firstly introduces the overall plan of satellite antenna stabilized tracking system , including mechanical structure of antenna pedestal, control strategy for isolating disturbances from vehicles,scanning and tracking strategy for searching satellite.Then types of electronic components and modules are choosen according to the system requirement and relative circuits are designed to lay foundation for the next reasearch.Subsequently,software design of system is introduced,includingμc/OS-II RTOS(real-time operating system) transplanted on MSP430F149 microcontroller , system missions planed and main functions of attitude measured system explained with the codes. After that,the initial alignment algorithm,dynamic tracking algorithm and 3-axis stabilized algorithm of antenna stabilized tracking system are discussed focusedly,what’s more,the information fusion algorithm and attitude calculation of attitude measured system are introduced. At last,some problems that occurred during the debugging and working are discussed and the next step of work is pointed out in this paper.更多还原