【作者】 王园园；

【导师】 高明煜；

【作者基本信息】 杭州电子科技大学 ， 电路与系统， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 近几年来,嵌入式技术和工业控制技术不断蓬勃发展,已经广泛应用到人们生活的各个领域中,并成为我国经济的新增长点。同时,采用ARM系列的CPU来取代部分单片机、PC104等传统平台,并成为工业控制自动化、消费类电子、汽车电子等应用领域的主流芯片。目前,虽然有许多嵌入式操作系统已经被广泛使用,如Windows CE、Vxworks、Uc/OS-II、Linux、QNX、PalmOS等等,但很多嵌入式操作系统的代码并不开源,如Windows CE,这样不利于操作系统的裁剪和移植,而Linux操作系统具有代码开源、系统稳定、内存管理优秀等特性,使其能够很好的满足工业控制系统的要求。本文结合实际工程应用,提出了一种基于Linux的工业控制终端。该控制终端将PLC控制器和LCD触摸屏合二为一,构成一种价格低廉的工业控制终端,并已经应用到实际的小城镇自来水厂水压控制系统的项目中。本文研究和设计了上位机部分——LCD触摸屏,硬件部分采用AT91SAM9261嵌入式处理器为核心,软件部分采用嵌入式Linux系统及基于Qt的控制界面。本文着重就以下几个方面的内容进行深入的研究。1、分析了目前工业控制系统、嵌入式Linux系统以及小城镇、乡村给水系统的现状和趋势,并比较了目前应用比较普遍的各种工业控制系统。结合当前小城镇给水系统的特点,论述了选用嵌入式Linux系统的原因。2、根据实际项目的要求和AT91SAM9261的特点及性能,分析了系统的主要外围硬件模块包括:存储器接口、电源模块、显示模块以及通信模块。3、分析了bootloader和Linux内核的原理和结构。根据嵌入式系统的特点,修改并裁减内核,并将u-boot和Linux2.6移植到AT91SAM9261的开发平台上,通过busybox制作根文件系统,建立工业控制的软件平台。4、根据实际系统硬件电路,修改并编写触摸屏驱动程序、UART驱动程序、LCD驱动程序以及USB驱动程序。5、论述了嵌入式Linux下图形界面开发环境QT/Embedded,并将QT/Embedded移植到Linux2.6平台上。6、在本文最后部分,作者结合实际科研项目——“中小型自来水厂水压控制系统”,编写了针对小城镇、乡村水厂控制水压的图形控制界面。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, embedded technology and industrial control technology continue to flourish, and have been widely applied to various areas of people’s life, being a new growth point in our country’s economy. Meanwhile, ARM series CPU have replaced some parts of traditional platforms, such as MCU, PC104 and so on, and have become mainstream chip in the field of industrial control automation, consumer electronics, automotive electronics. Currently, although there are many embedded systems being used widely, including Windows CE, Vxworks, Uc/os-II, Linux, QNX, PalmOS. Many of them are not open source, which are not conducive to cutting and transplantation. And Linux system has so many advantages, such as source code, system stability, excellent memory management, which can meet the requirements of industrial control systems well.This paper proposes an industrial control terminal which is based on the Linux system. This industrial control terminal combines LCD touch screen and PLC controller, and has been applied to the hydraulic control system of small towns. The paper studies and designs host computer part, in which AT91SAM9261 is taken as the core processor and the system software is made up of embedded Linux system and based on Qt control interface. The whole system includes the following aspects.1. Analyzing the current actuality and direction of industrial control systems, embedded Linux systems and water supply systems in small towns and villages. In view of the water supply system’s characteristics, this paper discusses the reasons for using embedded Linux system.2. According to actual project requirements and CPU’s performance, designing the main peripheral hardware modules, such as memory interface, power module, display module and communication interface.3. Analyzing the principles and structures of bootloader and Linux system. According to the features of the embedded systems, this paper modifies and reduces the kernel, and transplants the u-boot and Linux2.6 to the platform of AT91SAM9261, and makes root file system by busybox, builds software platform for industrial control.4. According to practical hardware circuit, this paper revises and writes touch screen driver, UART driver, LCD driver and USB driver.5. Dissertating the GUI development environment of Qt/Embedded under embedded Linux system, and transplanting the Qt/Embedded to the platform of Linux2.6.6. In the last of this paper, the author combines the requirements of the lab project "hydraulic control system" and compiles the graph control interface of hydraulic control system.更多还原