【作者】 谢泽龙；

【导师】 钟明全；

【作者基本信息】 重庆交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着车辆大型化、拖挂化和集装箱化的发展,使得超载超限车辆越来越多,严重地威胁到公路桥梁的安全。超载超限运输车辆行驶即使不造成公路桥梁的直接破坏也可造成其结构损伤。这种损伤一般是累积性的,损伤的积累,达到一定程度会引起破坏,影响安全和使用,使桥梁寿命缩短,使一些桥梁成为危桥、险桥。当货物运输车辆的轴重和总重超过设计荷载时,对公路及其桥梁的安全储备和使用寿命将造成严重的影响。我国公路桥梁车辆设计荷规载范经历了几次变化,《公路桥涵设计通用规范》(JTG D60—2004)(以下简称04规范)规定桥梁结构整体设计以车道荷载为设计荷载,模糊了桥梁通行车辆的超载超限标准,因此有必要在04规范的规定下,明确提出桥梁限载标准。本文以重庆市高速公路超载超限公路运输适应性研究项目为依托,主要做了以下工作:①调查重庆市高速公路两个半月内车辆总重超过55吨的车辆通行现状,分析表明,重庆市高速公路超载超限运输车辆总重主要集中在55吨到80吨之间,运输车辆以四轴～六轴型车辆为主,超载超限运输主要集中在成渝高速公路、渝遂高速公路和渝涪高速公路。②在查阅相关文献基础上,总结归纳国外桥梁超载超限标准,比较国内不同时期规范桥梁汽车荷载设计标准及桥梁超载超限标准,从75规范规定汽车荷载以汽车车队表示到04规范规定桥梁结构整体计算以车道荷载为设计荷载。汽车荷载以汽车车队表示到以车道荷载表示,桥梁限载标准由明确到模糊。③根据重庆市高速公路通行车辆的调查结果,对通行车辆统计分析,确定了四种典型车辆类型,分别为四轴型车辆(1+1+22)、五轴型车辆(1+2+222)、六轴型车辆(1+22+222)和载重平板车。以典型车辆为分析对象,确定四种车辆轴距,车轮横向分布尺寸等参数,建立四种车辆模型。④以四种车辆模型和以04规范为设计标准的16m、20m、30m三种跨径的预应力混凝土简支梁桥为分析对象,提出四种车辆类型在三种跨径桥梁下的整体和局部限载标准:桥梁结构整体限载标准即对四种车辆总重和轴重限制;桥梁结构局部限载标准即限制车辆轴重包括单轴轴重、双联轴轴重和三联轴轴重。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of vehicles that are large-sized, have trailers, and shipcontainers, number of overload vehicles is increasing at a high speed, which is to harm safety of highway bridge. Even overload vehicles do not break bridge directly, they tends to lead some diseases to structure, which accumulated to someextend will eventually bring damage to structure. When load of vehicles beyond designed load, severe influence to safety and longevity of bridge is to be made.In China,Highway bridge design load specifications was changed somewhat for several times. In General specification for highway bridge design(JTG D60—2004),the design of bridge structure takes roadway load as designed load, which obscures criterion of passing vehicles that are overload. So, it is necessary to make a clear and specific criterion for overload vehicles. Based on a project of adaptability of overload transportation in expressway of Chongqing, some work isdone as follows:①The situation of all the vehicles that are over 55tons within two and a half months in Chongqing is investigated, which suggests that most of these vehicles are between 55tons and 80tons, whose axles are from four to six, transporting on Chengyu expressway, Yusui expressway and Yufu expressway.②The criteria of overload vehicle in other countries are sumarized, which are compared to Chinese criterion of overload vehicle, suggesting that the indication of vehicle load was in terms of vehicle group and that is in terms of roadway load, which makes formal clear overall limit set out standards obscure.③According to result of investigation of passing vehicles on Chongqing’s expressways, four types of vehicles are studied, which are four-axle vehicle(1+1+22), five-axle vehicle(1+2+222), six-axle vehicle(1+22+222) and load plate vehicle. By analysis of these vehicles samples, wheelbase of four types vehicles and some relative parameters are fixed on, and models of four types vehicles areestablished.④The four types of vehicles and PC Simple beam bridge of three types of span (16m, 20m,30m) are studied in detail. Thus, the overall limits set-out standards and limited set of local standards of the bridge of the three types of spans on which the four types of vehicles steer are given.更多还原