我国政府环境保护职能的缺失与完善

【作者】 张庭；

【导师】 赵晖；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,我国社会主义经济建设取得了巨大成就,目前我国已越过日本,成为世界第二大经济体。但是,在经济飞速发展的同时,我国的资源、环境状况却逐渐恶化,环境问题凸显,成为我国经济可持续发展和人民生活水平提高的制约性因素。环境保护已经成为我国政府和人民密切关注的问题。环境保护是一项公益性十分突出的事业,环境保护工作的特点以及政府自身的责任与地位决定了它必然是政府行政职能的一项基本内容。随着社会经济的发展,政府的环境保护职能将越来越突出,因此,对政府环境保护职能的研究具有一定的理论和现实意义。本文主要研究我国政府环境保护职能体系的缺失及其进一步完善。第一章首先从政府职能入手,从含义、内容、特点三个方面界定了政府环境保护职能的内涵。同时,以环境保护的公共物品属性和政府的责任地位为出发点,对政府承担环境保护职能的必要性和可能性进行了理论分析。第二章从我国环境污染的现状入手,分析了政府环境保护职能缺失的表现,将其归纳为观念型环境保护职能缺失、利益型环境保护职能缺失、主元型环境保护职能缺失、多元型环境保护职能缺失四个方面,并对这四个方面的具体表现进行了阐述。第三章介绍了美国、芬兰、日本三个国家的政府在环境保护方面的措施,将其成功经验与我国环境保护工作的实际情况结合起来,并提出了值得借鉴之处。最后,本文提出了完善我国政府环境保护职能的探索路径。对应我国政府环境保护职能缺失的表现,政府部门应当从树立科学的发展观和政绩观；正确处理各种利益关系,打击地方保护主义；依法履行环境保护责任；环境保护从部门管理向多中心治理转变四个方面,进一步完善环境保护职能体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the reform and open policy, the socialist economic construction of our country has made great achievement. At present, our country has already overtaken Japan to become the world’s second-largest economy. But at the same time, China’s resources and environment conditions, environmental problems worsen, Environmental problems highlighted. Environmental pollution has become restrictive factors that stop our country’s economy sustainable development and the people’s living standards improved. Environmental protection has become a problem that China’s government and people paid close attention to.Environmental protection is a very prominent commonweal career. The characteristics of environmental protection work and its responsibility and status of government decided it is a basic content of the government administrative function. With the development of social economy, the government’s environmental protection function will more and more outstanding. Therefore, the study of environmental protection function of the government has certain theoretical and realistic significance. This paper mainly studies the shortage and perfection of our country government environmental protection function system. The first chapter starting from government functions defines the connotation of environmental protection function from the definition, contents and features. Meanwhile the chapter analysis the necessity and possibility that the government assumes environmental protection function in theory from the public goods attribute of the environmental protection and the responsibility of the govemment.The second chapter analysis the performance that the government environmental protection-function’s loss from China’s environmental pollution situation. The chapter summarizes the performance as the loss of concept, the loss of interest, the subjectivity loss of the government and the diversity loss of the ENGO, the enterprise and the public and expounds the manifestation of the four aspects. The third chapter presents the American, Finland, Japan three governments in environmental protection measures, combines their successful experiences with the actual situation of our country environment protection work and puts forward five points which are worth to reference to for our country. Finally, this paper presents exploration path that rebuild our government environmental protection function. Corresponding the performance of the absence in our country’s environmental protection function, the government departments should perfect environmental protection function system by establishing the scientific concept of development and achievement, handling the relations between various kinds of interests and fighting with protectionism, strengthening the law construction in environmental protection and changing the governance model from the department management to the multi-agency management.更多还原