【作者】 谢瑞峰；

【导师】 傅菊根；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 岩土工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 深部岩体处于较高的地应力和高瓦斯条件的环境中,由于受到高地应力特别是侧向高应力的作用。在深部岩体中采用松动爆破,岩体处于高地应力和爆炸冲击荷载共同作用,两种荷载相互影响。岩体的破坏准则浅部的岩石破坏不一样,而且破坏过程比较复杂。地应力场的存在对岩石中爆破裂纹的起裂方向、扩展长度等产生一定的影响。浅部岩体的爆破参数用于深部岩体爆破效果不好,而且爆破效率。本文基于此原因,对高地应力条件下深部岩体的松动爆破机理进行一定的探讨。首先本文对深部岩体的地质和力学性质进行相应的探讨,并通过数值模拟的结果分析作为辅助,得到深部岩体的一些应力特征。深部岩体中初始应力比较大,井下岩石爆破必然受到初始应力场的干涉,岩体处于初始应力和爆炸应力波的共同作用。初始应力场与围岩中爆炸冲击波相互叠加,导致岩石中裂缝的起裂方向和长度都产生变化。其次对高地应力岩石的松动爆破机理进行分析,从理论上推导了孔壁的粉碎圈和裂隙圈的长度,并相应的探讨了深部岩体爆破参数设计,提出了相应的爆破裂纹长度的公式。利用动力有限元软件LS-DYNA和ANSYS有限元程序对高应力条件下岩体松动爆破进行数值计算,从计算结果中分析爆炸后炮孔周围岩体的应力、应变的变化、裂隙的扩展方向和长度。最后在理论分析的基础上,通过淮南新庄煤矿中巷道深孔爆破实验结果,对上述相应的理论部分和爆破裂纹长度的公式以及进行比较分析,得出较合理的参数。这些可以为煤矿深部岩体松动爆破参数设计工作提供一定的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the environment condition of the high stress and high gas, deep rock affected by the high ground stress, especially the lateral stresses. For the deep rock with loose blasting, rock is in the highlands of stress and load together that the two loads affect each other. Deep rock failure criteria is not same with shallow rock failure criteria, and also its process is more complicated. The existence of stress field in the blasting of rock have some impact.on crack direction of expansion and length. Shallow rock blasting parameters blasting to be ineffective for the deeprock, and the blasting efficiency is not good. Based on this reason, the deep hole loose blasting mechanism on condition of high stress in deep rock is explored.In this paper, deep geological and rock mechanical properties appropriate is explored firstly, and then the stress characteristics of deep rock is gained through numerical simulation results of analysis as a supplement. Because deep rock in the initial stress relatively is large, underground rock blasting will be subject to the initial stress field of intervention, an explosion of rock in the initial stress and stress waves together. The initial stress field and the surrounding rock in the blast shock wave superimposed with each other, resulting in cracks in rocks from the direction and length of the crack have a difference.Secondly, through the analysis of rock loose blasting mechanism umder high stress theoretically we can derived from the hole crushing circle wall and the length of the fracture,correspondly discussion of the deep rock blasting parameters of the design. and put forward the corresponding blasting crack length formula. The use of dynamic finite element software LS-DYNA and ANSYS finite element program for high-stress conditions, loose rock blasting the numerical calculation, the calculation results from the analysis of rock mass around the hole after the explosion of the stress and strain changes in the direction of crack extension and length.Finally, on the basis of theoretical analysis and the deep-hole blasting tunnel test in Huainan xinzhuang coal mine, the theoretical part of the corresponding crack length and the length formula of blasting crack are on comparative analysis. As a result we can obtain a more reasonable parameters. These can be loose as a coal mine deep rock blasting design parameters to provide a reference.更多还原