【作者】 马颖；

【导师】 朱石沙；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 机械工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 液压挖掘机作为一种重要的工程机械,它在现代化建设中发挥着越来越重要的作用。而作为挖掘机基本动作的主要执行者,挖掘机工作装置设计结构的合理性,使用的可靠性以及操作的方便性也越来越受到市场的关注,因此对于挖掘机的工作装置进行相关的研究是十分必要的。传统的产品设计开发流程中,由于设计开发周期长、设计需要的成本高、对产品的潜在问题无法预测,这种传统的方法已无法适应竞争激烈的市场需求,因此,采用目前广泛应用的高效、多功能的虚拟样机技术指导挖掘机工作装置的研究有很大的必要性。本文以三维建模软件UG和虚拟仿真软件ADAMS为依托,以斗容量为0.28m3的某小型挖掘机为设计原型,首先在UG里建立了工作装置的三维模型,再通过软件接口的导入技术,在ADAMS中通过添加相关约束和负载,建立了工作装置进行仿真的虚拟样机;然后在此基础上进行了运动学和动力学分析,得到了挖掘机工作范围的主要参数和各铰接点力各液压缸力的变化曲线,为后续的分析奠定了基础;并运用ADAMS的专用优化模块对工作装置的铲斗连杆机构进行了设计研究和优化分析,通过对相关坐标点位置的参数优化分析设计,使铲斗机构在结构发生微小变化的情况下,传动比却得到了很大的提高;最后利用ADAMS/Hydraulics液压模块对工作装置铲斗机构进行了液压系统的建模和机液一体化的联合仿真,并对液压系统的一些参数进行了优化,获得了一定范围内的最优稳定传动。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important Engineering machinery,hydraulic excavator is playing a more and more important role in the modernization, working device as the main actor of excavator‘s basic movements, its reasonable designing, reliable usability, convenient manipulation are more and more concerned by the market.Therefore, the research for working device of excavator is necessary.Because of the longer designing cycle, higher costs, harder prediction for product’s potential problems, the traditional product’s designing and development process has been unable to adapt to the competitive market. Therefore, using the efficient, multi-functional virtual prototype to guide the research of excavator’s working device is more necessary. In this paper,we make the mini excavator whose bucket capacity is 0.28m3 as the design prototype, firstly we established a working device model by using the three-dimensional modeling software UG, then by adding related restraints and loads,we established virtual prototype model in the virtual simulation software ADAMS; secondly, through doing Kinematics and dynamics analysis on the established virtual prototype model, we achieved main parameters of the excavator’s working scope and the curves of force of hinge point ; in the third , through optimizing bucket linkage mechanism, the transmission ratio of shovel mechanism had been greatly improved; finally, we established virtual prototypical model of Shovel mechanism’s hydraulic system, and carried out simulation on mechanical-hydraulic system of the working device by using ADAMS / Hydraulics module, through optimizing some corresponding parameters of the hydraulic system based on the result of simulation, we achieved very stable transmission in certain range.更多还原