【作者】 梁杨；

【导师】 谷俊杰；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学 ， 热能工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电力工业的发展,大容量、高参数发电机组迅猛普及,超超临界机组已经开始占据火力发电机组主导位置。而采用直流锅炉是超超临界机组的一个主要特点。由于超超临界机组的直流运行特性、变参数的运行方式、多变量的控制特点异于亚临界汽包炉,使得其在控制上具有很大的特殊性。因此研究超超临界机组协调控制系统,对机组的安全运行和节能降耗有着深远的意义。协调控制系统是大型火力发电机组的重要组成部分,是把锅炉和汽轮机发电机组作为一个整体进行控制,具有多种控制功能以能够满足不同运行方式和不同工况下的控制要求。在运行过程中汽机调门开度、燃料量、给水量的扰动均会影响直流炉的功率、主汽压、主汽温、中间点焓值。因此,在本文中,将超超临界机组看成一个三输入三输出的多变量调节对象。本文首先分析了直流锅炉的动静态特点,再对协调控制系统在机组的功能、分类和运行方式做了阐述,介绍了直流锅炉协调控制系统的主要任务,分析了现有协调控制策略。最后以北疆电厂的一号机组为研究对象,由机理分析得出协调控制对象的模型结构,再根据对象的实际运行的输入输出数据,采用实数编码自适应遗传算法辨识出模型的相关参数。在典型工况下,采用遗传算法辨识出协调控制对象的静态解耦网络,再分别设计压力回路、功率回路和焓回路的控制器进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明采用遗传算法辨识解耦的协调控制方法效果良好,调节控制品质令人满意。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of power industry, large capacity, high parameter generating unit has a rapid popularization, ultra-supercritical unit have begun to occupy the leading position in generating thermal power generating unit. Once-through boiler is a key feature of the ultra-supercritical unit. As a result of the supercritical unit’s direct-current-operating characteristic, the variable-element-movement way, the multivariable-control characteristic, and the big differences comparing with the subcritical steam drum stove in the control aspect, therefore it has the profound significance in the safety-operation and the energy-conservation-consume of studying the USC unit’s CCS.The unit power coordinate control system is the important part of electric power plant, control the boiler and steam turbine as a whole, has a variety of control functions, can satisfy the different operation modes and control requirements under different working conditions. While running, the turbine valve position, feed water and feed fuel’s change will cause changes of the once through boiler’s power, main steam pressure and temperature, and intermediate point’s enthalpy. Therefore, the USC unit can be taken as a three input-output construed objects in this paper.Firstly this article analyzes the static and dynamic characteristics of boiler, expounds the coordinate control system in unit’s function, classification and the movement way, introduces the main tasks of coordinated control system and the coordinated control strategy. Finally with the Beijiang power plant’s first unit as the study object, gain the model framework by theoretical analysis and then use real-coded adaptive genetic algorithm to recognize the model parameter. In the typical working conditions, the static decoupling controllers of the coordinate control system can be schemed out by using the genetic algorithm. Then to design pressure circuit, power loop and enthalpy loop controller respectively for simulation. The results of simulation show that the coordinate control control system based on GA and decoupling control is effective to regulate and have a satisfactory control quality.更多还原