【作者】 何英；

【导师】 唐湘蓉； 贺振华；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 应用地球物理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着三维地震技术的发展,利用属性进行构造解释成为地质解释人员的常用方法。近年来,曲率属性越来越受到人们的关注,人们发现曲率属性对构造识别非常有用。本文在利用曲率分析进行构造识别的基础上将其与自适应中值滤波结合起来得到了一种新的基于高精度曲率分析的断层识别方法,该方法充分利用了自适应中值滤波能较好去噪的优点,以及最大正曲率对断层高敏度性的优点,克服了常规相干体分析抑制噪声能力较差及对小断层识别能力较差的缺陷。另一方面,本文将曲率分析与构造应力场结合起来,基于曲率—应力—应变的关系,提出了一种新的基于曲率分析的构造应力场计算公式,该方法克服了常规基于有限元模拟的构造应力场计算的建模难点问题,不需要建立复杂的地层岩石模型,是一种简单高效的构造应力场计算方法。实际资料的计算结果表明,基于该方法预测的裂缝发育带与流体预测的结果完全一致,从而验证了新方法的正确性和有效性。论文的研究工作主要分以下几方面(1)自适应中值滤波方法。该方法首先将整个待处理的图像分割为K个子图像,然后分别统计每个子图像中噪声的个数,再根据子图像中噪声点的个数,在每个子图像中自动选择滤波窗口的大小。改方法既可有效滤除严重的噪声干扰,又能较好地保持图像细节(2)基于曲率分析的断层识别方法。该方法先用自适应中值滤波进行预处理,然后通过曲面拟合计算地层的最大正曲率,最后通过提取目的层位的最大正曲率切片进行断层解释。(3)基于曲率分析的构造应力场计算方法。该方法以地层时间切片为研究对象,先通过曲面拟合计算地层的曲率,然后通过测井资料建立地层的杨氏模量模型,最后根据推导得到的“曲率—应力—应变”公式进行构造应力场计算,从而实现了基于叠后地震资料的构造应力场计算。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the development of 3d seismic technology, using attribute structure interpretation in geological interpretation personnel become common method. In recent years, curvature properties are more and more concerned, people find curvature properties of structural identification is very useful. A new high-precision curvature analysis based on the fault identification method was proposed by adaptive median filter and curvature analysis . It overcomes the conventional coherence cube analysis’s defect that the function of suppressing noise and identifying small faults is not very effective. The method takes full advantage of the better de-noising result of the adaptive median filter and the high sensitivity of the maximum positive curvature analysis for the fault. The actual data results show that the proposed high-precision curvature analysis based on the fault identification method is easy and efficient and can effectively carry out a large, medium and small scales of different faults, fault recognition rate is significantly higher than the conventional coherence cube analysis.On the other hand, from the perspective of curvature analysis in the field of imagery processing, the paper proposed a new simulation method of tectonic stress based on curvature analysis, which was deduced by the relationship of curvature -stress-strain. The new method directly study the time slice of objective stratum. Firstly it calculated the curvature based on fitting method, secondly built the layered model of Young’s modulus based on log data, then calculated the tectonic stress by the curvature -stress-strain formula, which was the procession of tectonic stress filed simulation based on posted seismic data. To overcome the difficulty of conventional method based on finite element modeling, the method needn’t to build complex rock strata model, and was a simple and efficient method. Results of practical calculation proved the correctness and validity of the new method by the corresponding prediction result with fluid prediction of reservoir. The research of this thesis has been divided into the following aspects:(1) The method of adaptive median filter. In this method, first, the whole image will be divided into sub images of K ,then respectively statistics the number of noise points in each sub image. At last, the method will automatically choose the size of the filter window in each sub image according to the number of noise points in each sub image.(2) Fault identification based on curvature analysis. Firstly this method remove noise by adaptive median filter, secondly it calculated the most-positive curvature based on fitting method, thirdly it interpret the fault by extracting the most-positive curvature slice of the horizon we need, finally compare the result of this method to the result of coherence cube analysis.(3) Tectonic stress field simulation based on curvature analysis. The new method directly study the time slice of objective stratum. Firstly it calculated the curvature based on fitting method, secondly built the layered model of Young’s modulus based on log data, then calculated the tectonic stress by the curvature -stress-strain formula, which was the procession of tectonic stress filed simulation based on posted seismic data.更多还原