【作者】 曹正卯；

【导师】 杨其新；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 关角隧道是世界上罕见的高海拔地区特长铁路隧道,对于其运营通风及防灾救援问题,国内外尚无相似经验可以借鉴。相对于一般隧道,高海拔地区特长铁路隧道有其特点,如高海拔特长铁路隧道内的污染物累积问题、活塞风引入新鲜空气长度问题、通风极限长度问题、通风风机效率问题以及防灾救援问题等。本文通过对国内外资料调研,获得国内外运营隧道内污染物实测数据支持,针对现有标准对于高海拔地区的空缺,制定运营隧道内空气卫生环境的推荐值,确定关角隧道地区有害气体排放标准及控制标准建议值。研究表明在高海拔地区,机车排放的有害气体浓度和碳烟浓度较平原地区增加,并且有害气体对人体的危害在高海拔地区更为严重。根据关角隧道实际情况,利用所收集的气象资料,对关角隧道自然风影响及活塞风影响进行研究,并建立关角隧道通风计算模型,通过三维数值模拟和应用网络通风理论,经过对比优化解决电力机车牵引隧道极限通风长度和关角隧道在运营阶段机械通风设置问题；通过对隧道内纵向通风系统中射流风机设置的不同形式进行模拟计算,确定了隧道内射流风机效率最高时的最佳风机布置形式；通过对隧道内自然风和活塞风计算,确定了关角隧道换气次数。对于关角隧道防灾救援问题,本文通过对不同火灾场景下的数值模拟和人员疏散模拟,总结出不同火灾规模和不同救援横通道数量下火灾发展变化的规律,确定关角隧道现有的防灾救援设计是否能满足要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Guanjiao super-long railway tunnel is unusual at high altitudes in the world, there is a lack of experience at operation ventilation and disaster prevention of super-long railway tunnel at high altitudes. Compared with usual tunnels, Guanjiao tunnel has its characteristics, such as accumulation of contamination in tunnel, the length of fresh air brought in by train piston wind, the utmost length of tunnel ventilation, the efficiency of ventilation, disaster prevention and relief problems, and so on.The author of this issue undertook a survey of field measurement data refer to accumulation of contamination in operated tunnels in the world. In order to fill up the vacant in the standard in existence at high altitudes, this thesis aims at put forward a set of recommendations of air circumstance and harmful gases emission control regulations in operated tunnels at high altitudes, especially in Guanjiao tunnel. It is indicate that harmful gases and soot concentration emitted by engine increase at high altitudes, and the harm to body of pollutes is more severe.This thesis makes scientific researches on the effect of natural wind and piston wind in Guanjiao tunnel according to its actual meteorological circumstance. Utilizing 3D numerical simulation and ventilation net work theory based on ventilation calculating model of Guanjiao tunnel, through comparison optimization to figure out a set of problems such as the utmost length of electric railway tunnel ventilation and the mechanical ventilation settings in operation phases of Guanjiao tunnel. Through numerical simulation calculation, deciding fresh air exchanges rates and optimal installation of jet fans in Guanjiao tunnel.As to disaster prevention and relief of Guanjiao tunnel, using numerical simulation software to simulate the fire scenarios and personnel evacuation under different conditions, summarizing the development law of fire under different fire scale with different evacuation adits, to ascertain whether the existing disaster prevention and relief design of Guanjiao tunnel can meet the need.更多还原