【作者】 付而康；

【导师】 崔叙；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 “交通是城市形成的力”,交通技术水平和建设水平的每一次提高,交通方式的每一次突破,都将促进城市空间拓展,改变城市外部形态。在这一过程中,交通系统自身也不断受到城市土地使用变化的强烈影响(尤其是对交通出行模式的影响),二者构成一种“迭代循环”,呈现出螺旋发展的态势。然而,现实中我国城市交通却有逐步走向恶化的迹象,甚至被冠以“城市病的首要症状”和“导致全球变暖的元凶”。这固然和近年来我国城镇化水平突然跃迁有着直接的关系,巨大的发展位势差引发的居民出行需求猛增和交通供应释放成为城市交通急剧恶化的主要原因。但是,我们也应该清醒地意识到,城镇化水平提高引发的居民出行刚性需求增加是社会经济发展的必然,与城镇化过程相伴的城市机动化水平提升引起的交通结构失衡便成为了问题的焦点。正是基于以上规律,笔者将“交通结构”作为切入点进行深入思考。尝试从城市规划的视角出发,在“低碳城市”背景下,基于城市土地利用与交通结构的内在作用机制,建构以合理交通结构为引导的城市低碳交通体系,为城市空间和城市交通领域更深层次的研究做一些铺垫,为城市交通规划建设实践提供一定的理论参考。论文写作遵从研究思路的基本逻辑,共分四大部分：第一部分为绪论,对论文研究背景、研究立足点、研究框架进行简要说明,界定研究对象并分析比较国内外相关研究与实践。第二部分为第二章,是整篇论文的基础研究。首先对我国城市交通系统现状特征进行了总结,接着对城市交通污染物排放、能源消耗状况进行了较多论述,之后明确指出交通结构失衡是当前我国城市交通发展与“低碳”目标相悖的症结,并在此基础上反思传统交通规划的局限性,提出基于用地协调的城市交通低碳化发展思路。第三部分为论文主体,包括第三章和第四章,重点研究低碳目标下城市土地利用与交通结构优化,进而建构城市低碳交通体系。其中第三章首先解析了城市交通结构与土地利用的互动关系,然后用AHP分析法确立了低碳目标下城市交通结构优化目标,之后从宏观的城市外部空间增长与交通引导、中观的城市形态结构与交通模式、微观的城市用地开发与交通组织三个层面探讨了低碳目标下城市土地利用与交通结构优化。第四章承接第三章的研究结论,对城市交通本体进行系统思考,在交通功能目标、环境保护目标、资源利用目标、社会公平目标的指引下,对合理交通结构引导的城市交通与土地利用一体化规划及设计的关键性要素进行探讨,在此基础上建构城市交通供应体系(包括道路网络体系、公共交通体系、慢行交通体系、静态交通体系)和城市交通管理体系。论述重点为城市交通供应体系部分,对于每一个子体系,分别对其在低碳目标下的建构原则、规划流程、规划理念等进行思考,并推荐了几个笔者认为能够实现低碳目标的发展模式。第四部分是实例研究,结合前文研究结论,以德阳市为例建构基于用地协调的德阳市低碳交通体系。论文主要创新点如下：(1)借助AHP分析方法对我国城市交通结构中各种交通方式在低碳目标下的优先等级进行排列,确立了低碳目标下我国城市交通结构的总体优化目标,并针对每种交通方式提出其在低碳目标下的发展建议。(2)论证了低碳目标下我国城市外部空间增长方式应为区域轨道交通引导的走廊模式；论证了低碳目标下我国城市形态结构和交通模式的转变方向：大城市多中心结构与轨道交通主导模式、中小城市单中心／多中心组团形态与地面公交主导模式、小城镇与慢行交通主导模式；提出了低碳目标下我国城市用地开发与交通组织理想模式"CL—TOD"模式,并提出了该模式的三大设计原则。(3)提出了无小汽车居住组团、“串珠成网”公交线网布设、公交环式支线布设三个利于实现低碳目标的方案模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Transportation forms cities". Every breakthrough and upgrading of transportation and construction would contribute to the city’s space expansion and transformation. In this transformation process, the transportation system itself (especially the transportation mode) has been impacted by the ever-changing usage of urban land. The two interacting forces form a forward spiral development. In reality, China’s transportation situation is worsening, even being called "the chief symptom of urban disease" and "the leading force causing global warming". This is certainly directly related to China’s rapid urbanization process, which calls for an ever-increasing transportation need of citizens. That in turn results in the huge supply of city transportation services. On the other hand, however, we realized that urbanization and the increase of citizen’s rigid demand for transportation is an inevitable trend. So the imbalance of transportation system caused by the increase of transportation vehicles becomes a major concern.Based on the above situation, the author carried out analysis using "transportation structure" as a starting point. Against the backdrop of "low-carbon city", based on the internal mechanism of land use and transportation structure, the author tried to establish a low-carbon transportation system from an urban-planning perspective so as to draw some theoretical implications and provide references for further research in urban space and urban transportation.This thesis consists of four sections:The first section is introduction, including literature review, brief description of the thesis’s purpose, research topic and research outline, as well as the comparison between domestic and overseas research on this topic.The second section is Chapter Two, which lays the background for the entire research. Firstly, the author summarized the current situation of China’s transportation. Secondly, the author described the situation of city transportation waste discharge and energy consumption. Then the author pointed out that the imbalance of transportation system is the key problem leading to the inconsistence between transportation development and "low-carbon" concept. Finally after reflecting on the limitation of conventional urban planning, the author proposed the idea of low-carbon transportation development on the basis of land coordination.The third section includes Chapter Three and Chapter Four. The author focused her research on the urban land use and optimization of transportation structure, and further established an urban low-carbon transportation system.In Chapter Three, the author analyzed the interaction between urban transportation structure and land use, set up objectives for optimization of urban transportation structure under the goal of low-carbon emission, and discussed urban land use and transportation structure optimization under the low-carbon emission goal from three perspectives:urban space and transportation expansion at the macro level, intermediate urban structure and transportation modes at the intermediate level, and urban land use and transportation organization at the micro level.Chapter Four is the author’s thoughts about the city transportation itself:How to build up an urban transportation network, public transportation system, pedestrian and bicycle transportation, urban transportation system and urban transportation management system guided by the goals of transportation function, environmental protection, resource utilization, and social justice. For every sub-system, the author established principles, planned procedures, and created a distinctive concept. The author also recommended several developmental modes, which could be realized in the author’s opinion.The fourth section is case study. Based on the former analysis, the author established a low carbon transportation system based on land-coordination in Deyang city.The major innovations in this article include:(1) Using AHP, the author ranked the transportation means in cities under the goal of low-carbon emission and set up an optimization goal of city transportation structure, and proposed low carbon targets for each mode of transportation.(2) Demonstrated the superiority of the corridor mode for city’s external space expansion:a combination of rail transportation and/or public transportation. The author demonstrated the change of a composite transportation mode and mode of transportation; Multi-center city structures and rail transport, medium and small cities single center/ multi-center city structures of ground transportation, small towns and slow traffic model. The author proposed an ideal mode for transportation structure design and urban land development "CL-TOD" mode under the low-carbon goal and its three principles.(3) Recommended several modes to realize the low-carbon emission goal:trinary road system, car pooling, linear-net public transportation layout, ring-branch:public transportation layout, pedestrian only更多还原