【作者】 李莹；

【导师】 崔庆丰；

【作者基本信息】 长春理工大学 ， 光学工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 红外系统广泛的应用引起了国内外对红外系统性能评价的研究重视。而作用距离,是一个重要的综合性能指标,因此,对它的研究也具有十分重要的意义。论文主要讨论的是红外系统的作用距离,考虑到影响作用距离的各个因素,红外系统对点目标和扩展目标的作用距离进行计算。红外系统作用距离影响的因素主要包括目标与背景辐射特性、大气传输衰减、红外装置自身性能(光学系统、探测器、电子处理系统)等模块。首先,介绍了常见的目标和背景辐射特性,主要是引入目标与背景辐射温差表达目标和背景辐射差异。目标由于处于大气中,大气对红外辐射衰减不可避免。大气的成分复杂且大气的状况也是随着气象条件而变化,所以不同时间、地点大气的分子和微粒对红外辐射产生的衰减不同。本文中考虑的是大气(水蒸气和二氧化碳分子)产生的吸收衰减以及散射作用,并且修正了由于高度、斜程和气象条件引起变化的大气透射率。最后用LOWTRAN软件计算出大气透射率。影响作用距离的因素包括自身和外界的多方影响。而本身的性能参数如红外光学系统参数、敏感元件参数及电路参数等也是自身限制因素。论文中主要利用MATLAB进行编制程序计算出噪声等效温差(NETD)和最小可分辨温差(MRTD),分析各个参数。分别以点目标和扩展目标建立模型估算,以等效噪声温差(NETD)为基础建立点目标的模型；而以最小可分辨温差(MRTD)为基础建立扩展目标的模型。最后运用合理的逻辑思维和正确的算法,利用MATLAB进行程序编制,对几种典型的目标进行作用距离的计算。更多还原

【Abstract】 Infrared system is widely use in many area, much attention on evaluation of infrared system is paid in domestic and overseas. The operating distance is a comprehensive performance index. The research on operating distance is very important. This paper discuss about the topic of operating distance. Considering the influence factor, calculate the distance of point target and extended target.The influencing factors include the feature of target and background、the attenuation of the atmosphere transmission、infrared devices. First, introduce radiation characteristics of usual target and background. In order to describe the concept of radiant differences, we bring in radiation temperature.Owing to the target exist in air, it is inevitable that atmospheric infrared radiation attenuate. Atmospheric composition is complex and the condition of atmosphere is changed with meteorological conditions. So, molecular and particles in air attenuate to the infrared radiation in Different time and location. This article consider atmospheric attenuation and Scattering influence, fix the atmosphere transmission which is affected by the condition of the high、Inclined path、weather. At last, utilize software LOWTRAN to calculate the atmosphere transmission.Many factors affect the operating distance including oneself and external cause. Performance parameters like infrared optical system parameters、device parameters is also the limiting factors. This paper use the MATLAB to calculate and analysis the NETD and MRTD。Establish the mode for point target based on NETD and the mode for extended target based on MRTD.Adopting a certain system, reasonable using logical thinking and correct algorithm programming by MATLAB, calculate the operating distance for the typical target.更多还原