【作者】 韩娜；

【导师】 付子堂；

【作者基本信息】 西南政法大学 ， 法学理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 周恩来的民主思想与实践,是马克思主义基本原理与中国社会主义革命和民主建设实践相结合的产物,是马克思主义民主思想在我国的具体体现之一。周恩来关于完善人大制度和政协制度、民主与专政、民主与法制、党内民主与人民民主等方面均有深刻、丰富的论述。论文除引论与结论外,正文包括四大部分。引论首先介绍了周恩来早期的求学和社会实践经历,并叙述了周恩来民主思想在周恩来整个思想体系中的重要地位,以及周恩来民主思想与法制思想之间的辩证关系。第一部分主要论述周恩来早期民主思想的萌芽、发展过程,从周恩来早期的社会经历及学业知识方面认识周恩来的民主救国理想,对周恩来早期民主思想的内容进行归纳,总结其特点,即资产阶级性质和不成熟性。第二部分介绍周恩来在旅日旅欧期间接触并研究马克思主义学说并成为一名共产主义者的历程,信仰马克思主义使周恩来在革命实践中逐步摒弃资产阶级民主思想,并树立马克思主义民主观。第三部分主要论述我国基本政治制度确立过程中周恩来民主思想的反映。首先,在对我国基本民主制度即人民代表大会制度的完善中,周恩来十分重视完善人民代表的选举方法,并对人大代表的工作方法、作风进行改进;其次,在对人民政协制度的完善中,周恩来从民主的高度肯定了政协的性质和意义,并由此规定了政协的组织机构和一套工作原则和方法,确保人民政协制度发挥应有的协商民主价值。第四部分阐述了周恩来对下列三个问题的观点:第一,民主与专政关系,以专政保障民主,但扩大民主才符合人民利益;第二,民主与法制的辩证关系,重点是民主的法制化问题;第三,党内民主与人民民主,以党内民主促进人民民主。结论部分是对周恩来民主思想的评析。周恩来的革命经历是中国革命的缩影,周恩来的民主思想也是由时代的需要而塑造的,是时代呼唤的结果;周恩来的民主思想既对毛泽东的民主思想有继承发展的一面,也有补充性甚至科学性的一面;同时,周恩来的一些民主思想和民主实践对现阶段我国政治文明建设也极具启发意义。周恩来的民主思想既有时代的先进性,又有时代的局限性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Zhou Enlai’s democratic ideas, which is the Product of the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with China’s socialist revolution and construction, and the product of Marxism in China is reflected in the rational。Zhou Enlai on improving the people’s congress system, build the system’s Political Consultative Conference, democracy and dictatorship, democracy and rule of law, democracy and the Peoples Democratic Party are so deep and rich discussion。Except the Introduction and Conclusion, including four parts:Introduction: This section introduces the Zhou Enlai’s social practices and schooling experience,and described the important position of Zhou Enlai’s Democracy in his ideological system, and his Democracy and the dialectical relationship between the legal Thought system;Part I: This part discusses the seeds of democratic thought of the early Zhou Enlai,from the early Zhou knowledge of social experience and academic knowledge of Zhou Enlai Salvation Democratic ideals, to summarize democratic ideas of the content of Zhou Enlai, sum up its characteristics, which is of nature and immaturity of the bourgeoisie.Part II: Introduced Zhou Enlai study the theory of Marxism and became a communist during the day in Japan and Europe。The Marxist belief that Urge Zhou Enlai in gradually abandoned the bourgeois conception of democracy and establish a Marxist conception of democracy;Part III: Discusses the Relationship between the basic political system established in China with Zhou Enlai’s democracy。First, In perfecting people’s congress system, the basic democratic system in our country, Zhou attach great importance to improve the method of election of deputies, and deputies of the working methods to improve work style; Secondly, the Perfection of the People’s Political Consultative System, the Zhou Enlai’s high degree of recognition the significance from the People’s Political Consultative System and thus provides for people’s political consultative organization and a set of principles and methods to ensure the People’s Political Consultative Democracy which is democratic values of consultation should be。Part IV: This section has three parts。first, the relationship between democracy and dictatorship, the dictatorship of the protection of democracy, and democracy is consistent with expanding interests of the people; second, Dialectical relationship between the democracy and legal system, focusing on issues of Legalization of democracy; third, party democracy and people’s democracy, to promote people’s democracy by promoting party people’s democracy。Conclusion: The Comments of Zhou Enlai Democratic Thought。Zhou Enlai’s democratic thought is the need of the times and shaped the times; Zhou Enlai’s democratic thought not only has inherited Mao Zedong’s democratic thought but also there are different side; Zhou Enlai both the democratic ideas that the advanced nature of the times, there are limitations of the times。更多还原