【作者】 许进思；

【导师】 谭宗泽；

【作者基本信息】 西南政法大学 ， 宪法与行政法学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 我国正处于社会转型期,内部存在法治建设滞后于社会发展、人民内部利益分配不均、社会文化制度建设落后于经济高速运行等问题,从而造成了公权与私权关系的种种紧张局面,这种紧张状态在某些个案中甚至以极端化面貌呈现,对社会的稳定与发展带来了不良影响。因此,在我国大力发展市场经济与公民权利意识日渐增强并存的新形势下,如何正确处理并协调好公权与私权的关系并进行配套的理论建设与更新无疑成为了时代性的重要课题。公权与私权课题中宏观性与微观性并存,加之其在人类史上具有恒久而且重要的地位,探讨对公权与私权关系的全面协调并非易事,促使公权与私权和谐相处也并非一两项改革举措与制度建设可使其一蹴而就的,其更类似于一项“生态和谐”工程,需要宏观与微观各方面的理念、制度与实践的配套建设。公权与私权问题的深广性也使本课题具有了其自身特殊的研究属性。经过梳理,笔者发现学界关于公权与私权关系的传统理论构建与解决方案多立足于公权与私权的二元对峙,在理念根源上即预设了公权与私权的对立,如管理论、控权论对公权与私权的各执一端以及平衡论对两者的竭力协调。不得不说,这些理论的目标都在于协调公权与私权关系,只是立场与手段存在差异,但值得反思的是,公权与私权的对立真是如此绝对吗?如介入哲学思辨的视角,亦会发现事实恰好相反,公与私是密切相联的,真正的公存于普遍的私,真正的公即是普遍的私。其实公权与私权的二元对峙毋宁说是一种观念上的对峙,但当此种理念的对峙内化到执法者的血液中从而在某种程度上导致了其行为模式的僵化时,其作为一种应具有现实指导意义的理论建构,则不能不反思其实践弹性所在。因此有必要促进公权与私权的合作,消解这种对峙,进行理念提升,促使公民真正树立起健全的权利观念,懂得自我与他人权利的辩证关系,促使人们懂得增进私利与增进他人利益息息相关,并最终增进社会公益。通过研究,笔者认为提高人权的关注度对消解公权与私权的对峙以及引导一种社会尊重是极有助益的。再者,无论公权与私权在现实对立的形态如何极端,民族的强盛与繁荣也不应以牺牲个人的权利、自由为代价,民族意识应与人权意识相统一。因此,笔者提出“超越对峙,聚光人权”的理念提升,这在世界以及中国人民权利意识日益增长、民意表达渠道日益拓宽以及权利保障手段日益法治化、多元化的新形势下应是具有理论及实践意义的。更多还原

【Abstract】 As China is in the process of social transition, legal development is left behind social development. Uneven distribution of benefits among the people, social and cultural institution cause grave tension between the public powers and private rights. And in some concrete cases, it goes into extreme. Such tension has brought adverse effects to social stability and development. Therefore, in the new situation of rapid development of market economy in China and increasing awareness of civil rights, how to properly handle and coordinate the relationship between public powers and private rights and to support the theoretic construction undoubtedly becomes an important issue.The relationship between public power and private rights should be examined macroscopically and microscopically. Considering the eternal important position in the human history, elaboration and exploration of full round coordination of the relationship between public powers and private rights can not be easily achieved. And the reforms and institutional constructions to coordinate the relationship between public powers and private rights can not be easily achieved either. In a sense, it is similar to ecological harmony engineering, which requires all aspects of macroscopic and microscopic concepts, systems and practice of supporting construction. The broadness and deepness of the public powers and private rights contributes to the special character of this paper.After a thorough examination, I find most scholars maintain that the relationship between public powers and private rights is confronting. And based on such theoretic ground, they put forward their solutions. We cannot deny that they are aiming to solve the tension, but we should ask ourselves whether the confrontation between the public powers and private rights is so absolute. From the perspective of philosophy, we will find that the public powers and private rights are linked tightly. In fact, the confrontation between public powers and private rights, in some sense, is a confrontation of conception, but this connectional confrontation will lead to the rigidity of their behaviors of the law enforcement agencies. Considering building a theoretic construction, we should the reflect on the flexibility Therefore, we need promote the cooperation of public powers and private rights, lessen this confrontation, update the concept, and develop a sound civil rights conception and a dialectical relationship between the rights of other people, and ultimately improve social welfare.Through this research, I believe that the increased attention on resolving the human rights of public and private rights of confrontation will help to dispel the confrontation of the public powers and private rights and the establishment of the social respect. Moreover, no matter how extreme of the confrontation of the public powers and private rights, the prosperity of the nation should not be achieved at the expense of individual rights and freedom. National consciousness and awareness of human rights should not contradict with each other. Therefore, the author maintains that "transcending the confrontation, concentrating human rights" has a practical significance, especially in the background of increasing awareness of rights, broadening of the channels of expression and the legalization and variety of means of rights protecting.更多还原