【作者】 谢金鹏；

【导师】 杨守义；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 炸弹爆炸后,主要以两种形式向外释放能量,一种是爆炸后由弹壳产生的弹片向四周分散击中物体,产生破坏效应,另外一种是爆炸产物挤压周围的空气形成冲击波,由冲击波产生破坏效应。所以弹片与冲击波的速度已经成为衡量炸药及武器战斗部威力的重要指标,对其速度变化规律的研究也成为近几十年来武器学,爆炸学和弹道学的研究热点。最早提出的雷达是基于多普勒效应提出的多普勒雷达,它是发射机发射一定频率的信号,对比接收机接收到的雷达回波信号,通过计算回波信号的时间差与频率差来计算被测目标的距离、速度、方向和角度等重要参数。雷达以很高的距离分辨力与速度分辨力以及较强的抗干扰能力从开始提出就受到了人们的关注,并且在随后得到了长足的发展,近几十年来雷达也成为各个研究领域特别是航空军事等领域的研究热点。本文首先通过对比与总结以往对弹片与冲击波的研究方法,指出了传统研究方法的实验限制与可能无法解决的问题,在此基础上提出将雷达应用于对弹片与冲击波速度测试的方法上来,并且根据国内外对弹片与冲击波的研究成果以及雷达的基础理论知识,给出了利用这种方法的理论依据与仿真总结以及结果分析。由于雷达的高分辨力,在得到弹片与冲击波的雷达回波信号后,本文提出通过首先寻找加速阶段与减速阶段的分界点,将弹片与冲击波的加速阶段与减速阶段分离开来。本文根据频谱的相似度提出了两种寻找分界点的方法：频谱图相似度法和幅度谱面积相似法。最后给出了理论分析与仿真结果,并且对两种方法在精确性与运算量上进行了对比,结果表明两种方法各有优缺点。文章最后对雷达测试的整体系统结构与各模块的实验方法也进行了阐述,在确定加速曲线的时候利用了相似度曲线的变化趋势,在确定减速阶段时则用到了滑动窗的研究方法,并且用模平方积累的方法检测起始点。最后画出了弹片与冲击波的整体速度曲线。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fragment and shock wave were all generated at the same time to release energy when the bomb was exploded. Fragment was from broken shell when explosion and scattering around, resulting in damage, While shock wave was formed from the air around the bomb because of the extrusion of the explosion production. So the flying speed of fragment and shock wave have be a mainly indicator of explosive power, and the research of fragment and shock wave has become the focus of weapons, explosives and ballistics science in recent decades.The Doppler radar was first proposed of the Doppler effect. The radar transmitter transmitted a radar signal with a certain frequency, and the reflected signal from radar was received by the radar receiver. Comparing with the time and frequency of transmitted and received wave we can calculate the distance, speed, direction, angel and the other important parameters of the moving target. Because of the high range resolution radar and speed resolution and strong anti-interference ability, radar get researcher’s attention from the beginning and have a considerable development. It can be widely used in many area of research, especially in military, and it has a good practical value.The traditional methods of shrapnel and shock wave was compared and summarized in this paper. Then we pointed out the limitations and impossible solved problem in that methods. On this basis, this paper proposed that we can use the radar to test shrapnel and shock wave. According to the research at home and abroad and the theoretical knowledge of radar, this paper given the theoretical basis for using this method and analyzed the simulation result.Because of high resolution radar, this paper looked for the demarcation point between acceleration and deceleration section of the shrapnel and shock wave when we got the reflected wave. There are two methods proposed in this paper, the similarity of spectrum and the similarity of amplitude spectrum area, and this paper given the theoretical analysis and simulation results. The two methods ware compared in amount of calculation and accuracy, and the results showed that the two methods have each advantages and disadvantages.The overall system of radar test and the experimental methods of each structure ware described in this paper. The trend of similarity curve was applied to determining the acceleration curve, and we used the sliding window to detection the deceleration curve. In determining the starting time, the model squaring energy accumulate detection was used. Finally, the whole speed wave curve was drawn.更多还原