【作者】 崔丽艳；

【导师】 刘立新；

【作者基本信息】 东北石油大学 ， 化学工艺， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对阳离子高分子絮凝剂的制备及应用进行了初步的研究和探索。丙烯酰胺(AM)分别与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC),甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)三种阳离子单体为原料,通过水溶液聚合,合成二元共聚的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺。并引入丙烯酸进一步合成了三元共聚的丙烯酰胺,而且将此三元共聚物与超支化聚酰胺胺进行接枝反应。采用Bruker-Tensor27型傅立叶变换红外分光光度仪表征了合成的几种产物的结构;并通过对聚合物特性粘度,阳离子度等的测定,讨论各因素对产物性能的影响,实验优化聚合条件为单体浓度为30%,DAC与AM摩尔比为3∶7,聚合温度为5℃,K2S2O8-NaHSO3为氧化还原低温段引发剂,浓度为0.05‰(对单体总量)其摩尔比为1∶2,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为高温段引发剂,浓度为0.125‰,尿素为溶解助剂,乙二胺四乙酸二钠为聚合络合剂,得到分子量为619×104的阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)。实验对制得的聚合物进行了模拟三元复合驱污水的絮凝性能实验,把未接枝阳离子聚丙烯酰胺,阳离子改性和未改性超支化聚酰胺胺接枝聚合物的絮凝性能及不同丙烯酸含量接枝聚合物絮凝性能进行了比较。实验得出,接枝比未接枝聚合物具有更好的絮凝性,改性后超支化聚酰胺胺接枝物具有更明显的絮凝性,丙烯酸含量考察发现含量为30%时,阳离子改性超支化聚酰胺胺接枝共聚物具有最佳的絮凝效果,透光率可达94.3%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the synthesis and application of the cationic polymer flocculant were researched and discussed. Dual copolymerization cationic polyacrylamide was synthesized with acrylamide(AM) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride(DMDAAC), methacry loyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC), acyrloxyethyl trimethyl ammoniumchloride(DAC) separately, as raw materials, through the aqueous solution polymerization. On the basis of these, we synthesized ternary copolymer of cationic polyacrylamide. Then took this terpolymers react with hyperbranched polyamide. The structure of products’characteristic by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer of Bruker-Tensor27, and we discussed the impact on the flocculation, throgh determined the intrinsic viscosity, cationic degree of the copolymer. The results of optimized conditions experiment showed that the concentration of monomer was 30%, the molar ratio of DMDAAC and AM is 3:7, the reaction temperature was 30℃, the amount of initiators at the low temperature stage was 0.05‰(compared to the weight of the monomers joining the polymerization), the molar ratio of K2S2O8 to NaHSO3 is 1:2, while azoisobutyronitrile was initiators at the high temperature stage, ascertain the optimum dosage which is 0.125‰, auxiliaries for the dissolution of carbamide, EDTA disodium (EDTA-2Na) complexing agent for polymerization, nitrogen to oxygen displacement agent, then the high molecular weight cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)(M= 619×104) could be got. The properties experiment of asp flooding simulated sewage on product, put not grafted cationic polyacrylamide, cationic modified or unmodified amino grafting hyperbranched polymer polyamide and different acrylic content grafted polymer flocculation properties are compared. Experimentally derived, graft better than no graft polymer, the modified hyperbranched polyamidoamine grafted with a more obvious flocculation. The results showed that the cationic polymer which obtained through reaction of acrylic acid terpolymer content of 30% and modified hyperbranched polyamidoamine had the best flocculation for the simulated oilfield water which was treated could reach a maximum transmission rate of 94.3%.更多还原