【作者】 余涛；

【导师】 成庆林；

【作者基本信息】 东北石油大学 ， 油气储运工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 原油库是协调油田生产与供应的纽带,本身是一个巨大的耗能系统。随着我国原油储备能力的增加,原油库的规模必然朝着大型化的方向发展,其生产能耗将进一步增大。因此,对原油库系统进行能量分析,了解其用能水平,为原油库的节能改造提供科学的理论依据进而挖掘系统节能潜力是十分必要的。对于这种由储油罐、输油泵、加热炉等用能单元按照一定拓扑关系衔接组成的复杂用能系统,本文运用热力学能量系统分析方法对其进行全面的系统的分析,找到了用能的薄弱环节,提出了一些节能技改措施。本文的主要内容包括:阐述了当前我国的能源形势、原油库的发展趋势、用能研究现状及热力学能量系统分析方法;介绍了的概念、分析的基本方法,包括概念的历史溯源、的定义、值的计算、平衡方程、损失的计算以及分析准则;运用热力学的“三箱”分析模型,建立了原油库设备及系统的用能分析模型,给出了用能设备及系统的评价准则;借助C++ Builder 6.0语言编制了油库系统分析的计算程序。在确定系统收、发油过程节点参数分布状况的基础上,从正反平衡两方面计算了系统的效率,找出了外输泵、加热炉、外输管道等设备的主要损环节,分析了各损的产生机制;介绍了外输泵变频调速的节能原理,给出了外输泵变频后的扬程–流量及效率–流量计算公式,并探讨了外输泵变频后的节能与节效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a link to coordinate field production and supply, crude oil depot is a huge energy consumption system in itself. With the increase of our country’s crude oil reserves capacity, expanding production scale is the inevitable tendency of crude oil depot, so its energy consumption will further increase. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a scientific basis of energy saving and then tap the energy potential on the foundation of carrying out energy analysis and realizing its energy consumption levels. For this kind of complex and dynamic energy consumption system which is composed of oil storage tank, transfer pump, heating furnace and the other energy consumption unit according to certain topological relationships, this thesis uses thermodynamics energy system analysis method to perform a comprehensive analysis of the system, find the weak link of energy consumption and then put forward some energy saving measures. Firstly, the current energy situation in China, development trends of crude oil depot, research status of energy consumption and thermodynamics energy system analysis method are elaborated in detail. Secondly, the concept of exergy and basic exergy analysis method is introduced, including historical source of exergy, the definition of exergy, exergy balance equation, exergy loss and evaluation index of exergy analysis. Thirdly, with the help of three-box exergy analysis models, energy consumption analysis models of equipments and systems are established, then, evaluation criteria of each energy consumption equipment and the system are presented, exergy analysis simulation programs of crude oil depot are compiled with C++ Builder 6.0. Fourthly, on the basis of determining node parameter distribution situation in sending and receiving oil process, exergy efficiency of crude oil depot is calculated from the two aspects of positive and negative balance. Then, the exergy loss links of transfer pumps, heating furnace and pipelines are found out and generating mechanism of each exergy loss is analyzed. In the end, energy conservation principle of transfer pump frequency control is introduced, lift-flow and efficiency-flow calculation formulas are given after pump’s frequency control, furthermore, energy-saving and exergy-saving effect are analyzed after pump’s frequency control.更多还原