【作者】 邵颖；

【导师】 柳晓琳；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁医学院 ， 流行病与卫生统计学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目的了解锦州市城区婴儿体格发育状况,探讨0～12月龄城区婴儿体格发育的影响因素,为促进婴儿的生长发育提供科学依据。方法在锦州市疾病预防控制中心共调查754例0～12月龄婴儿的体格发育资料,以WHO儿童生长标准为参照标准,采用Z评分法评价婴儿体格发育及营养状况。采用χ2检验、t检验、单因素方差分析及q检验、简单相关分析及多元线性回归分析方法进行统计分析。结果1、锦州市城区754名婴儿体格发育总体状况良好,接近WHO标准水平,但存在发育状况不均衡现象;2、不同出生体重儿1周岁内的体格发育状况亦不同,低出生体重儿组生长迟缓率最高,巨大儿组超重率最高;3、母乳喂养的优势在小于6月龄婴儿体格发育中作用明显,而在6～12月龄段婴儿的体格发育指标中显现不明显;4、0～12个月龄婴儿体格发育状况除受月龄、性别的因素影响外,出生体重、喂养方式、出生情况、带养人情况等环境因素以及父母亲身高、体重等遗传因素也不同程度地影响着婴儿体格的发育。结论1、在物质生活水平逐步提高的同时,要科学合理地喂养婴儿,尤其注意4月龄后营养供给的合理性,减少婴儿超重现象的出现;2、除遗传因素对婴儿体格发育影响的作用外,出生体重、喂养方式等后天因素对婴儿体格发育的影响是不容忽视的,因此,加强孕妇营养供给、孕前知识普及、围产期保健、科学抚养婴儿对婴儿的健康生长具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectiveTo understand physical growth status of 0~12 month infants in Jinzhou city ,to discuss influencing factors and provide scientific evidence for infants’ physical growth promotion.MethodsPhysical status of 754 infants aged 0~12 months from urban in Jinzhou city,which were collected fromJinzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,was investigated.The WHO Child Growth Standards as a reference standard,using the Z score evaluated physical growth and nutritional status of infants.χ2 test, T test, ANOVA, simple correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were done for statistical analysis.Results1,The overall physical development of 754 infants of Jinzhou was in good condition,closing to the WHO standard level,but there was not balanced development of the phenomenon;2,Different birth weight babies during the first year had different physical growth situation.Low birth weight group showed the most growth retardation,macrosomia group showed the most overweight trends.3,The advantages of breast-feeding infants in the first six months in physical growth had an obvious effect,and in 6 to 12 months period in the baby’s physical growth indicators showed no significant.4,In addition to the impact by month and sex outside,birth weight,feeding patterns,birth circumstances, dependents and other environmental factors as well as parental height,parental weight and other genetic factors also different degree affected the physical development of babies from 0 to 12 months. Conclusions1,With the gradual improvement in material life level , feeding infants should be scientific and reasonable,and particular attention should be take to the rationality of nutrition after 4months of age in order to reduce the appearance of overweight babies.2,In addition to genetic factors affect the physical development of babies,the birth weight, feeding patterns and other acquired factors on the physical development of infants can not be ignored. Therefore,strengthening the supply of maternal nutrition,literacy before pregnancy,perinatal health care and scientific support to the baby’s health is of great significance.更多还原