经济全球化对社会保障水平的影响

【作者】 张馨月；

【导师】 封进；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 劳动经济学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 经济全球化对社会保障水平的影响可以用两种假说解释,即补偿假说和效率假说。补偿假说认为经济全球化将导致社会保障水平的上升,效率假说认为经济全球化将导致社会保障水平的下降。一直以来,该领域的研究对象集中在发达国家,且得到的结论以补偿假说为主。对欠发达国家的研究较少,且少量的样本中未包含中国。本文从经济全球化的视角入手研究了中国省际间社会保障水平的差异。本文对社会保障水平的度量主要采取两个维度,一是用社会保障支出占GDP比重,二是用社会保险支出占GDP的比重。通过采用30个省市1999-2007年数据,本文发现经济全球化对社会保障支出占GDP比重有负向影响,对社会保险支出占GDP比重亦有负向影响,其中对养老保险占GDP比重的影响更为明显。人力资本的水平会改变对外贸易对社会保险水平的影响,即随着该地区人力资本水平的提高,补偿假说效应得到增强。东部地区由于外贸规模较大,其养老保险支出占GDP比重在其他条件相同情况下会比全国平均水平低12%。但在人力资本水平较高的东部地区,对外贸易对养老保险水平有正向影响。文章的政策含义在于,在经济全球化过程中,社会保障水平应根据各省份的实际情况灵活决定,注意权衡保障功能以及其对地区竞争力的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The impact of economic globalization on social insurance level can be explained by two major hypotheses, compensation hypothesis and efficiency hypothesis. Compensation hypothesis believes that globalization will reduce social insurance level while efficiency hypothesis holds a contending perspective that social insurance level will go up thanks to the economic globalization. To date, most papers in this study field focused on OECD countries and the few studies on LCD countries did not include China. This paper can provide evidences from China. This study mostly addresses the effects of economic globalization on Chinese cross-provincial social insurance differences by using two measurement dimensions, the ratio of social security and welfare expenditure to GDP and the ratio of social insurance spending to GDP. By using the data from 2000 to 2007 of thirty provinces, findings can be illustrated as follows:globalization has negative effects on social security and welfare expenditure and social insurance level, especially on pension insurance level. While trade has a significant effect, FDI effect is a little insignificant. But human capital can change the negative effect of trade on social insurance level. Compensation effects become stronger in regions with higher human capital level. For instance, as trade volume is relatively larger in eastern provinces, the ratio of pension insurance spending to GDP as a whole is, other things being equal,12% lower than the other provinces. However, in eastern provinces where human capital is higher, the trade effect gradually becomes positive. Similar conclusions can be draw when the measurement dimension is government social security and welfare expenditure. The political implication of this paper is that it’s highly necessary to weigh both security function and its effects on area competitiveness when choosing an appropriate social insurance level during economic globalization and integration.更多还原