从学生偏误角度探讨对外汉语中高级阶段的成语教学

【作者】 侯朝龙；

【导师】 刘鑫民；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 汉语国际教育， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 汉语成语是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝与结晶,在汉语的词汇系统里,成语也扮演着十分重要的角色；而作为对外汉语的词汇教学,成语在传播文化方面占据着特殊的地位。本文通过考察HSK动态作文语料库里学生普遍存在的偏误现象,并以复旦大学国际文化交流学院正在使用的《拾级汉语·精读课本》为对象,设计调查问卷、访谈,以此为语料,具体考察我院留学生使用成语的偏误情况。从留学生习得成语时的偏误现象入手,分析偏误的类型及偏误出现的原因,并根据调查教师教学策略和学生学习策略的现状,提出教学建议。全文分为六个章节：第一章：引言。主要介绍了选题意义、考察对象及通过考察希望达到的目的。第二章：对外汉语成语教学的研究现状。通过相关文献综述,列举了成语教学的地位以及学术界对于汉语成语的研究,尤其是对外汉语教学中的成语教学及习得情况研究。第三章：关于成语教学。介绍了汉语成语的特点及成语教学在对外汉语教学中的价值所在。第四章：留学生成语习得偏误情况调查。通过语料搜集统计偏误情况,并借鉴三个平面的理论,将偏误现象分为结构形式、句法、语义、语用四个类型。第五章：具体分析偏误出现的原因。主要从成语本身的特点、文化、学习策略和教学策略等方面进行分析。第六章：提出相关的教学建议。以上文对偏误的统计和对偏误原因的分析为基础,从成语结构、句法、语义和语用四个层面提出教学建议。最后,对全文做一个系统性的总结,并对文章存在的不足之处进行反思。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese idioms are a great treasure of traditional Chinese culture. In the Chinese vocabulary, idioms also play an important role; and in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language (TCSL), idioms occupy a special place in the dissemination of culture.This article studies the errors of foreign students in International Culture Exchange School of Fudan University by examining the data of HSK common errors, and by designing questionnaires and interviews in our school which based on "10 Level Chinese Intensive Reading Textbook" By using these data as a corpus, the article studies the specific errors of students in our school. Learning from the errors of idioms, the article analyzes the types and the causes of errors, and gives suggestions according to the survey of teaching strategies and learning strategies.This article is divided into six chapters:ChapterⅠ:Introduction. In this chapter, the significance of the topic, the object and the goal to achieve are primarily stated.ChapterⅡ:The common research of teaching idioms in TCSL. Through the relevant literature review, the article presented the status of the teaching idioms and academic research for the Chinese idioms, especially the teaching and acquisition of Idioms.ChapterⅢ:Teaching idioms. This part describes the characteristics of Chinese idioms and the values of teaching idiom in TCSL.ChapterⅣ:Survey of idioms in acquisition of foreign students’ errors. Collecting the errors through the corpus, and by learning from the three dimensional theory, the errors are divided into four types which are the phenomenon of structure, syntax, semantics and pragmatics.ChapterⅤ:Make the specific analysis of the causes that errors occur, mainly from the characteristics of the idioms, culture, learning strategies and teaching strategies.ChapterⅥ:Put forward the relevant proposals in TCSL. Based on the errors in the article above and the analysis of the causes, teaching recommendations are made on four levels, including the structures of the idioms, syntax, semantics and pragmatics.Finally, make a systematic summary, and reflect the inadequacy of the whole article.更多还原