云计算环境下一种基于虚拟机动态迁移的负载均衡算法

【作者】 施杨斌；

【导师】 梁瑾；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 继个人计算机、互联网变革后,云计算作为第三次IT浪潮的代表正向我们走来,它带来人类生活、生产方式和商业模式的改变,成为当前IT领域研究的热点。云计算通过网络和虚拟化技术以按需使用、随时扩展和个性定制等方式向用户提供硬件、平台、软件以及虚拟化应用等服务。随着云计算平台上用户以及各种类型应用的增加,如何有效利用系统范围内的资源以保证用户服务等级协议(Service Level Agreement, SLA)成为一个关键的问题。负载均衡算法是实现资源有效利用的重要手段,虚拟机迁移机制因虚拟机资源颗粒大以及应用无关性等优点成为实现负载均衡算法的一种有效机制。本文提出了一种在云计算环境下基于虚拟机动态迁移的负载均衡算法。该算法主要提出两个策略：基于分形方法的触发策略和基于多准则决策的目的节点选择策略。前者基于分形方法进行负载预测确定虚拟机迁移的触发时机,避免了瞬时负载峰值触发的虚拟机迁移问题。后者基于多准则决策的PROMETHEE方法实现虚拟机迁移目的节点的选择,根据待迁移虚拟机对不同物理资源的偏好差异进行决策,使迁移后系统范围内的资源使用更加均衡。最后实验结果表明,该算法能很好的实现负载均衡,提高系统性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cloud computing is the third revolution of IT industry, following the Personal Computer revolution and the Internet revolution. It has emerged as one of the hottest research topics in field of information technology and changed daily human life and modern business environment. Using network and virtualization technology, Cloud computing could provide users with hardware, platform, software and virtualized application as a on-demand, scalable and personalized service.As the users and applications increase in the cloud computing platform, how to efficient use the resources and guarantee SLA will be an important issue. Load balancing is an import means to use the resources more effectual. Virtual Machine(VM) migration mechanism with the advantage of application independent and large granularity of VM resources became an effect way to achieve load balancing.In this article, we proposed a load balancing algorithm based on dynamic migration of VM in cloud. The algorithm proposed two strategies: Initiation rule based on fractal method and selection rule based on Multi-criteria Decision Making. The former strategy uses fractal method to predict load and determine the trigger timing of virtual VM migration, which ensures that a small transient spike does not trigger needless VM migration. The latter one uses PROMETHEE method of Multi-criteria Decision Making to choose the target node. The decision is made on differences in resources’preferences for the VM which will be migrated so that within the system, resources are used in a more balanced way. At last, the experimental results show that this algorithm can efficiently balance load and improve the system performance.更多还原