“人的安全”的理论和现实意义

【作者】 李燕星；

【导师】 任晓；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 国际关系， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 “人的安全”体现了学术界和政策界为重新界定和拓展安全内涵所做的积极尝试,但这一概念也引起了广泛的争议。尽管分歧依旧存在,但“人的安全”的确捕捉到了全球化时代一个不断增长的安全共识：安全必须包括更广范围的问题和挑战,而不仅是保卫国家免受外部军事攻击。本文考查“人的安全”的内涵及近年来关于它的争论,试图超越单纯的概念层面来理解“人的安全”,凸显其最主要的价值：对整个传统安全理念的重新审视,以更长远的眼光,从更宏大的视野来理解和不断完善“人的安全”对于国际政治安全理论的建设性价值。尽管“人的安全”不是安全理论变革的唯一路径,但为了改变非西方国家和发展中国家在“人的安全”辩论中的被动和边缘化地位,中国应该积极参与到对“人的安全”内涵的塑造中去。越来越多的国家、国际组织将“人的安全”概念列入政府官方报告和外交政策白皮书中,并将其列入国家安全议程；以“人的安全”为主要讨论议题的国际学术会议也频繁召开。“人的安全”理论在一定程度上反映出全球化时代的关切,为政策的制定提供客观、有价值的依据,是推动国际安全政策制定的有利工具。本文以中国政府对“非典”危机的应对为切入,分析中国政府如何逐渐关注并以实际行动推动中国的“人的安全”议程。中国社会面临多方面的“人的安全”的威胁,从经济发展、生态环境、国际犯罪,到资源短缺、公共健康问题、重大的公共设施的损害等几乎无所不包。上述问题产生的威胁或者危机会影响中国政府实现全面建设小康社会的战略目标。如果能将“人的安全”理论有机结合到中国的新安全观中,寻找到“人的安全”与中国“以人为本”的科学发展观之间的契合点,必将对维护我国的国家和人民安全具有重要启示和意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The concept "Human Security" reflects a positive attempt of the academic and policy-making community to redefine and expand the connotation of security, and also has generated wide controversy. Although differences still exist, but "Human Security" really captures a growing consensus in the era of globalization:security must include a wider range of issues and challenges, not only to defend the country against external military attack.The article examines the connotation of "Human Security" and the debates about it in recent years, attempting to understand it beyond mere conceptual level and highlighting the most important value:re-examining Traditional Security Concept. It understands and continuously improves the constructive value of "Human Security" to international political theory and security theory from a more long-term and wider vision. Although "Human Security" is not the only path to change security theory, China should participate in the shaping of "Human Security" actively in order to change the passive and marginalized position of developing countries in the debate of "Human Security".More and more countries and international organizations adopt "human security" in government official reports, foreign policies, and the national security agendas. International academic conferences on "human security" are frequently held. "Human Security" reflects concerns in the era of globalization to a certain extent, and provides objective and valuable basis for policy formulation. It is a useful tool to promote the formulation of international security policy.This paper analyzes why and how Chinese government, after the attacks of "SARS", increasingly concerns about and takes concrete actions to promote China’s "Human Security" agenda. China faces many "Human Security" threats, and the threats arising from these issues and crises will hinder Chinese government to achieve the comprehensive strategic goal of building a moderately prosperous society. If "Human Security" can be integrated into "new security concept" and the "people-oriented" Scientific Concept on Development, there will be greatly helpful to keep the security of our country and people living in it.更多还原