基于LTCC技术的微波毫米波天线研究

【作者】 全巍；

【导师】 延波；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 电磁场与微波技术， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 天线是任何无线通信系统的基本组成部分,随着无线系统的持续不断发展,通信设备的集成度越来越高,其体积也越来越小,这就对天线的小型化提出了更高的要求,而应用LTCC技术则能进一步缩小天线的体积从而满足系统小型化的要求。LTCC(低温共烧陶瓷,Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic)以其优良的高热传导率、高频高Q_T、低介质损耗、高耐温性等特点相当适宜作为天线小型化的材料,LTCC所特有的多层立体结构又使得天线其布局从二维平面空间开始走向三维立体空间,为实现天线的小型化创造了更加有利的工艺加工条件。本文首先介绍了LTCC技术的工艺流程、特点以及LTCC技术本身的优劣势,随后介绍了国内外微波毫米波LTCC天线的发展历史及趋势,最后阐述了本文的研究目标及指标。通过对微带天线基本理论的分析总结出微带天线小型化、宽频带、高增益的普遍方法,并结合本文研究目标总结出适合LTCC天线应用的技术。本文针对Ka波段(工作中心频率均为35GHz)设计了两种微带天线,通过不同的设计结构分别实现天线小型化、宽频带以及圆极化的目的。针对无线通信频段(工作中心频率为2.4GHz)设计了两种贴片天线,分别实现天线小型化、宽频带和双频率(2.4GHz与5.8GHz)的目的,以上天线在阻抗带宽方面均满足设计要求。主要工作包括:1、Ka波段微带缝隙耦合寄生贴片天线:采用寄生贴片增加增益和带宽的同时将矩形寄生贴片改为E型并将传统矩形缝隙改为H型,实测阻抗带宽为22.5%(31.15-39.01GHz)。为使天线增益进一步增加,将前者的天线单元设计为阵列天线,实测阻抗带宽为12%(33.94-38.11GHz); 2、Ka波段微带缝隙耦合圆极化天线:利用90°T型功分器相位差为90°的特点实现圆极化天线,实测阻抗带宽为8.3%(33.56-36.46GHz);3、无线通信频段贴片天线:将传统矩形贴片改为E型贴片,实现天线小型化和宽频带的功能;4、无线通信频段双频天线:通过在贴片上不同位置开不同大小的两条缝隙,在一个天线上实现双频天线的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Antenna is the basic component of the wireless communication system. With the continuous development of wireless system, the integration level of communication equipments is more and more higher and the size is more and more smaller which has higher requirements to antenna’s miniaturization and use the LTCC technique can meet the requirement of miniaturization to reduce the size. LTCC (Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic )is very suitable to be used in miniature antenna due to its high performance in microwave such as low medium loss, high Q_T , etc. LTCC technique employs multi-layer technique which allows configurations of antenna to expand from one dimension to 3D, so as to create more advantageous conditions for miniature antenna.This disssertation firstly introduced LTCC technology process, its characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of LTCC technology itself. Introduced at home and abroad microwave millimeter-wave LTCC antenna development history of pattern and trend, this topic mainly expounds working content. Based on the analysis of the basic theory of microstrip antenna, it summarized the widespread method of microstrip antennas miniaturization, broadband, high gain. Combining with subject ,it summed up technology of suitable for LTCC antenna application.Two types of microstrip antenna at Ka band(the center frequency is 35GHz) is presented in this paper which are used to achieve the purpose of miniaturization ,wide bandwidth and circular polarization. Two types of patch antenna at wireless communication band(the center frequency is 2.4GHz) is designed which get the purpose of miniaturization ,broadband and dual-band(2.4GHz and 5.8GHz).These antennas all satisfy the design requirements on the aspect of impedance bandwidth .The major tasks present as follow:1,A E-type patch parastic microstrip slot antenna in Ka-band with LTCC technology. The E-type parasitic patches are used instead of the traditional rectangular chip and H-type slot replaced the traditional rectangular slot .The parasitic patches are used to improve the gain and the bandwidth. The measured impedance bandwidth is 22.5%(31.15-39.01GHz); 2, Array antennas are used to improve the gain, the measured impedance bandwidth is 12%(33.94-38.11GHz); 3,Aperture-coupled circularly polarized microstrip antenna at Ka-band: Power divider with 90°phase differential is used for phase shifting of the two perpendicularity electric field, which circularly polarized antenna is realized, the measured impedance bandwidth is8.3%(33.56-36.46GHz); 3,Patch antenna at wireless communication band :The E-type parasitic patch is used instead of the traditional rectangular chip which can realize the function of miniaturization and broadband; 4,Dual-band antenna at wireless communication band: Dual-frequent antenna is achieved because of the use of two slots with different sizes and in different positions of the patch.更多还原