基于FPGA的光电纸币图像实时处理系统研究

【作者】 陈东明；

【导师】 叶玉堂；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 光学工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 纸币清分机是采用机体电一体化结构,同时对人民币纸币的残缺、面额、新旧等进行识别。它具有速度快、可靠性高、工作简易等特点,从而克服了现今市面上点钞机的不足,减轻了银行工作人员的劳动强度,有效的提高了工作效率,是银行、证卷机构、财务公司等各大金融部门可选的一种理想的金融机具。针对目前纸币清分机运算能力弱、实时性差、清分技术远远达不到客户要求以及实验效果不是很理想的缺陷,本文提出一种基于FPGA的光电纸币图像实时处理系统,实现了图像数据的片上实时处理以及在不改变硬件电路结构的情况下完成算法修改或者升级的功能。本文主要以图像采集与处理系统的硬件平台的搭建为主,详细讲述了各个模块的设计,包括CIS图像传感器模块、A/D转换模块、FPGA控制模块、FPGA图像处理模块、外围存储器FLASH、SDRAM模块、USB接口模块、串行接口UART等等,并对重要器件的选型标准加以了说明。软件方面简述了数据的采集与缓存、USB通信、FPGA在线配置、FPGA通信以及FPGA图像处理等模块的设计。本文创新点:采用SOPC技术,在清分装置上实现了片上实时处理功能;采用可重构技术完成FPGA在线配置,得以实现处理算法的在线更新;采用FPGA Microblaze32位软核处理器和相关接口模块连接外部存储器SDRAM,从而扩展了外部存储空间,保证了图像采集以及处理过程中对大存储容量的需求,并且使用起来更加方便、灵活。经过反复的实验以及最终结果及分析表明,该系统具有系统结构简单、处理速率快等特点,并且满足了系统的实时性要求,因此具有良好的工程应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sorter is an advanced implement integrated with optics, mechanics and electronics, recognizing the deformity, denomination, new and old of the bills. It overcomes the current lack of market Currency Counter, reduces the labor intensity of bank staffs and effectively improves their work efficiency because of its characteristics such as high speed, high reliability and easy working. It is an ideal financial machinery for the major financial sector such as banks, securities institutions and finance companies.a optical note image real-time processing system based on FPGA is proposed in this paper against current poor operation and weak real-time of sorter and the defects that allocating technology fells far short of customer requirements and the experimental result is not always effective. Real-time image data processing on-chip is realized and algorithm modified or upgraded functions without changing the hardware circuit is completed.In this dissertation, the main task is to build the hardware platform of image acquisition and processing system. Design of each module is elaborated detailed,including CIS Image Sensor Module, A/D converter module, FPGA control module, FPGA image processing module, the external memory FLASH and SDRAM modules, USB interface module, UART serial interface, etc, and the important devices are illustrated in the selection criteria. In software design of the modules of Data Acquisition and Cache, USB communication, FPGA-line configuration, FPGA image processing and communication are descripted.This innovation in this dissertation: SOPC technology is used, real-time processing system on-chip is realized in allocating devices; update online of processing algorithms is achieved by using reconfigurable skill completing online configuration based on FPGA; FPGA Microblaze 32 bits processor and associated external memory SDRAM interface is used to extend external storage space and ensure the need of the large storage capacity for image acquisition and processing module, and it is more convenient and flexible.repeated experiments and the final results analysis show that the system has characteristics of simple structure and fast processing speed,and it meets system requirements for real-time, so the system has high value on project application.更多还原