【作者】 梁枫明；

【导师】 胡郁葱；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 为了最大限度发挥公共交通的优势,必须深入了解居民的出行需求和出行习惯,全面准确掌握公交客流。IC卡具有信息量丰富,数据全面可靠,技术成熟等的特点,在信息采集的过程中受人为因素影响极小,随着IC卡使用的普及以及数据挖掘技术的成熟,通过对IC卡数据库进行数据挖掘,可较容易得到可靠的公交客流信息。虽然国内有不少通过IC卡获取客流出行特征的研究,但是由于对海量数据处理效率低下,以及IC卡和公交GPS系统结合不好,这些研究都只是提及理论与算法,对真正实现海量数据处理获取客流出行特征的研究仍然比较缺乏。正是在这样的背景下,本文探讨了实现基于IC卡信息获取公交客流出行特征的方法,并以系统的开发为最终成果,实现公交客流出行特征数据的统计分析处理。本文首先介绍了IC卡数据的基本结构、公交GPS系统,以及IC卡信息与公交GPS系统的数据融合获取IC卡的客流信息以及线路各站点乘客上车人数的方法。然后详细介绍各种公交客流特征指标的统计模型,其中包括客流量统计指标统计模型、客流换乘统计指标统计模型、线路站点OD矩阵统计模型以及区域OD矩阵统计模型。本文创新点在于区域OD矩阵的统计中,采用IC卡匹配找出换乘乘客起讫点和线路OD,对基于出行理论统计方法推出的区域OD进行修正,该方法易于实现,能运用到实际中且运算效率高,适用于海量数据的客流出行特征统计分析。在数据采集分析以及理论研究改进的基础上,完成基于IC卡数据的公交客流出行特征系统的开发,系统划分为客流相关指标统计模块、线路OD矩阵生成模块、区域OD矩阵生成模块三大模块。文章详细介绍各个模块的设计理念、设计流程以及模块功能。最后,以广州市羊城通IC卡数据以及广州市公交系统信息为基础,应用开发的公交客流出行特征系统,统计广州市公交客流出行特征数据,同时分析系统运行情况,证明了系统具有运行效率高,实用性强,尤其适用于海量数据的客流出行特征统计的特点,根据所得结果详细分析目前广州市公交线网存在的问题,为今后调整优化线网提供了详实可靠的依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to maximize the advantages of public transport, we must better understand the travel demand and travel habits of residents, comprehensively and accurately master the volume of passengers. IC card has many features such as informative, comprehensive and technology maturity, minimal impact by human factors during the information gathering process, with the popularization of IC cards and data mining technology matures, it is easy to get more available and reliable public transport passenger information through the data mining of the IC card database.Although there are many domestic research on passenger travel characteristics through the IC card, because of the low efficiency processing of the massive data, poor combined between the IC card and the public transport GPS system, these studies just mention the theory and algorithms, not really get the passenger travel characteristics from processing huge amounts of data. It is in this context, the paper discusses the method of getting bus passenger travel characteristics based on IC card, with the system development for the final results, achieve statistical analysis of bus passenger travel characteristics.This paper introduces the basic structure of IC card data, bus GPS systems, data fusion between IC card information and public transportation GPS system to get passenger information and the number of site approach on bus lines. And then detail a variety of statistical model of bus passenger travel characteristics indicators, including the statistical models of passenger volume indicators, statistical models of passenger transfer indicators, line site OD Matrix statistical models, and regional OD Matrix statistical models. The innovation of the paper is the regional OD matrix statistics, using IC cards matches to find transfer passengers’OD, and amend the regional OD based on the travel theory. This method is easy to implement and high efficiency, can be applied to statistical analysis of passenger travel characteristics from huge amounts of data.On the basis of data analysis and improving the theoretical research, complete the bus passenger travel characteristics system development based on IC card information. The system is divided into three modules, including passenger indicators statistics module, line site OD matrix generation module, regional OD matrix generation module. This paper details the design, process and the functions of each module.Finally, based on the Guangzhou IC card data and information of Guangzhou public transport system, using the bus passenger travel characteristics system, add up the data of Guangzhou bus passenger travel characteristics, analyze the system operation to prove that the system has the features of efficient, practical, especially for passenger travel characteristics statistical from huge amounts of data. According to the results, analyze the current problems in public transportation network in Guangzhou, provides a reliable basis on adjusting and optimizing the transportation network for the future.更多还原