【作者】 艾比不拉·衣明；

【导师】 亚力坤·亚生；

【作者基本信息】 新疆医科大学 ， 耳鼻咽喉科学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：1.通过对声音嘶哑(简称声嘶)患者电子喉镜结果进行分析,探讨声嘶病因在不同民族、不同性别及不同年龄段之间的分布特点及差异性；2.通过应用嗓音障碍指数(voice handicap index,VHI)对部分声嘶患者进行主观评估,探讨主观评估在喉部疾病诊断及嗓音研究中的意义；方法：对新疆医科大学第一附属医院2007年7月-2009年12月就诊的门诊及住院1226例声嘶患者的电子喉镜结果进行回顾性分析。其中汉族847例,维吾尔族285例,哈萨克族94例,将其分成不同年龄段进行比较。(联合国世界卫生组织提出的新的年龄分段)；此外,选取199例声音嘶哑患者使用VHI进行自我评估,对其分值进行分析；结果：1.声嘶病因在维吾尔族、汉族及哈萨克族间总的分布差异有统计学意义,P=0.000；维吾尔族和汉族之间分布差异有统计学意义,P=0.000；维吾尔族和哈族、汉族和哈族之间声嘶病因分布差异无统计学意义,分别为P=0.209和P=0.042(α=0.017)；2.声嘶病因在性别间的分布差异有统计学意义P=0.000；3.声嘶病因在维吾尔族、汉族及哈萨克族不同年龄段间分布有差异：在1～17岁组和45～59岁组这三民族间差异有统计学意义,分别为P=0.000和P=0.003；而在18-44岁组及60岁以上组间差异无统计学意义,分别为P=0.051和P=0.718；4.VHI在声带小结／声带息肉组间无明显差异外,不同分组间有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论：1.声音嘶哑病因在维、汉、哈三民族间分布不同；喉乳头状瘤在维吾尔族多见；声带息肉在汉族多见；声带麻痹在哈萨克族多见；2.声音嘶哑病因在不同性别间分布不同；喉癌和声带白斑在男性多见,癔病性声嘶在女性多见；3.声音嘶哑病因在维、汉、哈三民族不同年龄段间分布不同；青年人为声嘶的高发人群；4.主观评估对声嘶具有诊断和嗓音评价作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To analyze the electrolaryngoscopic images of hoarseness for evaluate clinical characteristics of distribution of causes of hoarseness in different nations and different age. Through the application of Voice Handicap Index in patients with hoarseness for evaluate important role of subjective evaluation in diagnosis of laryngeal disease and research of voice; Method: The date of 1226 cases of hoarseness in different ages from the first affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from Jul 2007 to Dec2009 which included 847 cases of the Han、285 cases of the Uighur and 94 cases of the Kazakh、were retrospectively analyzed with electroniclaryngoscopic images. And date of 199 cases of hoarseness were subjective evaluate with Voice Handicap Index; Result: there was Statistical difference in distribution of causes of hoarseness between in different nations (P=0.000); there was difference between Uighur and Han (P=0.000); there was not difference Uighur and Kazakh、Han and Kazakh (P=0.209 and P=0.042); there was difference between male and female(P=0.000); There also significant difference among 1 to 17 years old group and 45 to 59 years old group, P=0.000和P P=0.003, However 18 to 44 years old group and 60 to 83 years old group was accepted, (P=0.051 and P=0.718); The difference of VHI-10 between groups is significant except when VHI-10 use for vocal nodes and polyps. Conclusion: there was Statistical difference in total distribution of causes of hoarseness between the Uighur、Han and Kazakh, which was also different in different ages of them. Laryngeal papillorna more common in the Uighur, Polyps more common in the Han, and vocal cord paralysis more common in the Kazakh; there was difference distribution of causes of hoarseness between different gender, carcinoma of larynx and Vocal cord leukoplakia more common in men, Hysterical hoarseness more common in women; Young people to high risk of hoarseness; Subjective evaluation have diagnostic and voice Evaluation role of pasologicol vocal cards.更多还原