【作者】 郝莉莉；

【导师】 苏生瑞；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 地质工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 历次震后重建工作表明,地表建筑物的安全选址是重建工作的重大问题。因此认真研究及科学合理地确定活动断裂的实际影响范围,给出工程建设中可以实际参考的安全距离,具有十分重要的意义。本论文依托中国地质调查局地质调查项目“龙门山及邻近构造带地震工程地质调查评价(1212010914205)”,在震后现场调查和分析的基础上,选取汶川地震后地表建筑物破裂较为典型的三个区域进行研究,即宽缓谷地(以小鱼洞镇主街道为代表)、斜坡坡脚缓坡带(以虹口乡八角庙疗养院为代表)和高阶地(以水磨镇硅业公司场地为代表),建立地质模型,运用MIDAS有限元分析软件,通过数值模拟,取得了以下成果：1.通过对宽缓谷地、斜坡坡脚缓坡带和高阶地三种地貌结构的原始地质模型的模拟,得到的地表破裂现象与野外调查结果基本吻合。2.通过模拟和实际调查结果的综合分析,给出了发震断层带不同场地条件建筑物的最小安全避让距离。3.分别从覆盖层厚度、断层倾角及地层组合三个方面进行模拟,研究其对发震断层带场地建筑物的最小安全避让距离的影响规律：(1)覆盖层厚度越小,表层土体单元最大主应力值越大,发生破坏的土体单元也就越多,地表建筑物的安全避让距离越大。(2)断层倾角越小,表层土体单元破坏程度越小,活动断裂的安全避让距离越大。(3)地层组合不同,其地表建筑物的破坏程度不同,地层组合越复杂,地表建筑物的安全避让距离越小。更多还原

【Abstract】 Previous reconstruction efforts after the earthquake showed that selecting the safe building site is the major problems of the reconstruction efforts. Therefore, carefully studying and scientifically, rationally determining the actual impact scope of active faults, giving the safe distance which can be referred in the construction is of great significance.This thesis is rely on the progect " investigation and assessment of earthquake engineering geological of Longmen Shan and adjacent structures (1212010914205)" supported by China Geological Survey. Based on the field investigation and analysis after earthquake, the author selected the three regions where rupture of surface buildings after the earthquake is more typical to study, namely, wide and gentle valleys (the main street of the Xiaoyudong Town as representative), gentle slope region of the slope foot (Bajiao Temple nursing homes of Hongkou Township as representative) and higher ground (Silicon Industry Company of Shuimo Town as representative), establishing the geological model, using the finite element analysis software MIDAS, through numerical simulation, and the following understanding was made:1. through simulating the original geological model of this three geomorphological structure of the wide and gentle valleys, gentle slope toe and high slope, and the phenomenon of surface rupture are consistent with the results of field investigations.2. Through simulation and analysis of results of practical investigation, the minimum building safety avoidance distance of the earthquake fault zone with different site conditions is given.3. Simulating respectively, from the three aspects of cover thickness, dip angle and the combination of of strata to study the rules of their influence to minimum safety avoidance distance of buildings in earthquake fault zone.(1) The smaller the thickness of cover, the greater the value of the maximum principal stress of surface soil unit, the more the soil units in which damage was occurred, the greater the safe avoidance distance of surface buildings.(2) The smaller the fault dip, the smaller the damage degree of surface soil unit, the greater the safe avoidance distance of surface buildings.(3) Because the different combination of strata, the damage degrees of surface building is different, the more complex the combination of strata, the smaller the safe avoidance distance of surface buildings.更多还原