【作者】 韩岗；

【导师】 王毅红；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 本文针对我国村镇民居建筑抗震性能普遍偏低的问题,广泛调研了我国村镇民居的建筑结构类型、结构抗震性能、民居建造习惯,深入了解了既有村镇民居的使用现状。通过调研资料的整理分析,归纳出村镇民居结构安全和抗震性能方面存在的问题。调研发现,生土结构在民居中有不少的应用,但传统的生土墙施工未考虑地震作用的影响,承重墙体的整体性较差,是地震中房屋倒塌的重要因素。本文主要研究生土结构民居墙体的抗震构造措施,通过6个生土墙缩尺模型的低周反复荷载拟静力试验,研究“一”型和“T”型素土墙体、加草绳拉结墙体和加构造柱圈梁约束墙体承受水平反复荷载的能力,研究各自的受力过程、破坏形态、极限承载力和变形能力,研究试验得到的滞回曲线特征,对比分析所提出的墙体拉结措施的有效性。试验表明,生土墙体内合理铺设草绳等拉结物,可有效抑制和延缓裂缝的发展,提高墙体的变形性能；在生土墙角、纵横墙连接部位设置木构造柱、墙顶设木圈梁,可使生土墙承载力有所提高,变形能力大幅度提高。本文根据试验研究成果,给出了村镇生土结构民居墙体抗震构造的实用技术措施,为村镇建筑国家行业标准的制定提供基础研究数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With regard to the low seismic performance of rural residential buildings, this article conducted researches about the building structures、seismic behavior、residential construction, and summarized the seismic performance or structural safty problems. It found that the adobe houses were popular in village and town buildings. However, the bearing integrity of traditional rammed walls was poor, because it did not consider the impact of earthquakes and that caused country houses collapse.This thesis introduced the seismic resistant experiment in order to recommend the constructional measures. The experiment objects were the 6 rammed scale models which included "—" and "T" types. According to the low cyclic loading test, it described objectively the enhancement of seismic resisting performance about the walls which had new constructional measures—setting the reasonable rachel material、constructional column and ring beam, analyzed the forcing process、failure mode、ultimate strength and deformation capacity, observed the hysteresis curves. The tests showed that the rachel material could delay the development of the cracks and improve the deformation performance. In addition, setting a certain number of structural columns and ring beam in the adobe wall could increase the ultimate bearing and deformation capacity greatly.According to test results, it proposed the practical constructional measures for the raw soil structures in village buildings, and provided basic rearching data for drawing up the national industry standards.更多还原