【作者】 石红伟；

【导师】 吴群琪；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会经济的高速发展,人们的平均出行次数显著增加,货物的流通速度也日益加快,这些对交通基础设施的配置提出了更高的要求。公路交通作为整个交通运输系统中的重要组成部分,在满足运输需求,促进经济增长方面发挥着重要作用。但是,我国公路网在发展过程中也凸显出一些问题,主要表现在公路建设与公路运输的分离,从而导致有些路段拥堵情况严重,而有些路段车流量极小,使路网资源闲置浪费。究其原因,是现有路网规划理论对运输需求的生成机理存在认识上的偏差。为了解决这些问题,使路网规划更好地服务于公路运输,亟待对路网规划理论进行深入研究。论文立足于以上研究背景,将运输需求作为路网规划的逻辑起点,试图在理论上建立基于运输需求的路网规划模型。论文在研究方法上采用定性分析与定量分析相结合、数学模型法等方法。在研究思路上,论文分析了公路网规划理论与方法的发展历程,对各阶段的路网规划理论进行梳理,并以满足运输需求为切入点,保证公路价值流转各参与主体总成本最小为目标,对公路网线路布局的经济机理应用数学模型进行分析。通过研究,论文对路网规划理论在技术层面和经济层面的约束机制进行了分析,并应用数学模型将其量化表示。在技术约束中,将运输需求对路网规划的影响机理进行了分析；在经济约束中,对公路价值流转形式进行详细论述,并指出参与价值流转过程的主体包括土地所有者、公路投资者和公路使用者。在这两方面约束存在的情况下,论文引入土地机会成本、公路建设成本、公路运输成本以及路网效率四因素,建立了基于运输需求的路网规划基本模型,并在此基础上进行完善修正。研究结论表明,只有以运输需求为基础,同时综合考虑各参与主体的利损,才能使路网规划过程实现资源优化配置,更好地满足社会经济发展的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The increasing travel frequency of people and the growing transfer velocity of goods require better traffic infrastructure in this fast-developing society. Road transportation, an important sector of the whole transport system, has played a significant role in meeting transportation demand and promoting economic growth. However, some problems have been emerged in the development process of domestic road-network, which mainly embodied in the waste of network resources to be caused by the separation of construction and using of the road. As a result, the traffic in some sections is seriously crowded, but in some others much less. The main reason is that understanding devious on generation mechanism of transportation demand exists in planning theory of highway network, which is needed to be improved so that highway can play its role well.In this research, transportation demand is the logical starting point and basis of the highway network planning. The paper applies the method of qualitative, quantitative and mathematical modeling analysis. First, the development course of highway net planning theory is analyzed and its content in each phase is introduced. Then, aimed at satisfying the transport demand and minimizing the total cost of all participants in the circulation of road value, the economic mechanism of route layout in highway network is analyzed by modeling.In the paper, the restriction mechanism of road net planning theory is analyzed and quantified on both technical level and economic level. For the former lever, the impact mechanism of transport demand to net planning is analyzed, and for the latter, the form of highway’s value flow is elaborately discussed and the participants in this process are point out as the owner of the land, the investor of the highway and the user of it. Based on the above study, this paper also introduces such four factors like land opportunity cost, road construction cost, highway transportation cost and road network efficiency and establishes a basic model for demand-based network planning. The modification of the model has also been further done. The results show that, the only way to realize optimal resource allocation and the effective method to meet social and economic development requirement is to plan network based on transportation demand and taking the interest and loss of every participant into account.更多还原