【作者】 陈全杰；

【导师】 王毅红； 张耀；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是个多地震国家。广大村镇地区居民建筑的抗震性能普遍偏低,在历次震害中,农村房屋倒塌是造成人员伤亡和财产损失最主要的原因。目前我国仍有较大量的在役生土结构民居,为保障民居地震安全,本文通过广泛调研和试验研究,提出既有生土建筑抗震加固方法。根据生土结构房屋建筑材料、建造习惯、结构体系、破坏现象、抗震性能现状等方面的调研资料,分析生土结构破坏的原因和特征,吸取一般结构加固的经验,提出适用于既有夯土墙生土结构房屋的加固技术措施。设计了6个模型试件。其中2个分别为“一”字型夯土墙的未加固试件和加固试件,2个分别为“T”型夯土墙加固未加固试件,2个局部受压加固与未加固试件。通过低周反复加荷的拟静力试验,对比分析其破坏过程、滞洄曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线等特征,得到材料的水平承载力,变形能力,延性性能与指标。通过竖向静载的局部受压破坏特征,对比分析了局部受压加固效果。试验表明：采用木柱、木梁加固后的承重夯土墙体,承载能力和延性性能都得到了明显改善；在生土墙局部承压部位设置合理尺寸的垫板,可避免生土墙在集中荷载下出现竖向裂缝。本文所提出的加固方法效果明显。研究证明：采取合理有效的加固技术措施,可明显提高既有村镇生土结构房屋的整体抗震水平,本文成果对尚有加固改造价值的大量村镇生土结构房屋抗震性能的提高、经济安全的使用具有实际的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Earthquake occurs in our country frequently. In vast rural areas, many residential buildings generally have low seismic performance. Rural housing collapse is the main reason for losing life and property in the previous seismic damage. At present, China still have large number of existing unfired earth structural residential buildings. In order to ensure the safety of rural residential under earthquakes, this paper put forward the reinforcement and reconstruction methods to existing unfired earth buildings by widespread investigation and experimental research.According to unfired earth structural building’s investigation data which contains of building materials, construction custom, structural system, failure phenomena, seismic performance and so on, we analyzed the structure’s failure characteristics and mechanism; learning the experience of the reinforced general structure, proposing the suitable reinforcing technology measures of existing unfired earth structure buildings with rammed earth wall. We designed 6 model specimens:2 of them are "一" type of rammed earth walls, of which one is reinforced and the other is not reinforced; 2 of them are "T" type of rammed earth walls, of which one is reinforced and the other is not reinforced; 2 of them are local compression specimen, of which one is reinforced and the other is not reinforced. We compare and analyze the feature of failure process, hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, the stiffness degradation curve and so on by model test of low frequency cyclic pseudo static loading, get the horizontal bearing capacity, deformation capacity, ductility performance and index. Through the vertical static load of local compression failure characteristics, comparative analysis of the effect of locally strengthened. The test results show that the bearing capacity and ductility performance are improved obviously of the walls reinforced by timber column and timber beam, and the measures that setting reasonable pad under the concentrated load can avoid the vertical straight cracks’appearing. Reinforcement method proposed in this paper have remarkable results, therefore, take reasonable and effective reinforcement technology measures can obviously improve global seismic capacity of the existing buildings and have practical significance for the improvement of the seismic performance and the use of economic security of large number existing residential building in village and town which is worth reinforcing and reforming.更多还原