【作者】 郭显惠；

【导师】 雷达；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 根据“国家高速公路网规划”,在今后的十几年间高速公路建设仍将是我国公路交通建设的重点。因此,分析把握高速公路及交通安全设施因素对交通安全的影响,制定和采取相应的交通安全设计策略尤为重要。本文首先以道路交通事故成因分析为出发点,提出一般道路交通事故分统计分析方法存在的不足之处,分析道路交通事故中道路及环境因素的引发途径和比例,明确高速公路主动安全设计的重要性,提出安全与宽容、动态与协调、灵活与创作的高速公路交通安全设计理念；从高速公路的平面线形、纵面线形、平纵线形组合、路基路面、互通立交以及桥隧等方面提出交通安全设计对策,在此基础上总结出高速公路设计交通安全检查清单；预测路段运行速度,进行基于运行速度的路线安全性和视距安全性设计；分析护栏、交通标志标线、隔离设施、防眩设施、视线诱导设施及其他安全设施设置标准和实际设计中存在的问题,针对这些不足之处进行交通安全设施设计,并在此基础上总结出高速公路交通安全设施检查清单。建立基于上述安全设计理念的高速公路设计程序,从程序上将交通安全、结构安全和环境安全融入高速公路设计过程中,避免以往安全审计与道路设计相脱离的弊端,对提高高速公路交通安全水平具有重要意义。最后在上述的基础上利用层次分析法建立高速公路交通安全评价体系,并确定各指标的评定标准和处理方法,通过特征向量法计算得出各级指标的权重向量,对高速公路交通安全环境这一复杂的系统进行多级模糊综合评价,构建了一个实用有效的评价模型。并将该评价方法运用于京化高速公路交通安全评价中,验证评价指标体系选取的合理性及有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the national freeway road network planning, the freeway construction will be the key of the highway traffic development in the next several decades. Therefore, it is particularly important to analyse and grasp the influence factor on the traffic safety of the freeway and the traffic safety facilities. Then according to the influence factors the corresponding traffic safety design strategies are established and adopted.Firstly, from the perspective of the reason analysis of the road traffic accidents, the paper puts forward the shortage of the traditional road traffic accident statistical and analytical methods, analyses the triggered approaches and the proportion from the road and the environmental factors, clears the importance of the freeway active safety design, and raises the freeway traffic safety design concept being the safety and tolerance, the dynamic and coordination, and the flexible and creation. Secondly, from the aspects of the horizontal linear, the longitudinal linear, the combination of the two linear, the roadbed, the interchange and the bridge and tunnel, the traffic safety countermeasures are put, and freeway traffic safety checklists are summarized. Thirdly, the paper predicts the section operating speed, and designs the route linear safety based on the speed. Fourthly, the paper analyses the existing problems in the set standards and the actual design of the guardrail, the traffic signs and markings, the segregated facilities, the prevent dazzle facilities, the view induced facilities and the other safety facilities, optimizes the traffic safety design aimed at the deficiency, and summaries the checklist of the freeway traffic safety based on it. Finally, the freeway design programs are established based on the generalized safe design concept. It has important meaning to improve the freeway design level when the traffic safety, structure safety and the environmental safety are joined into the freeway design.Above, the freeway traffic safety evaluated index system is proposed, the evaluated standards and the processing methods of the index are determined, the weight of the indexes at various levels is ensured using AHP, and this system is evaluated using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluated method based on AHP. Example shows that this index system could testify the rationality and the validity of the freeway traffic safety design.更多还原