重载夹持装置承载能力评价及拓扑构型研究

【作者】 娄丙民；

【导师】 何竞飞；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械设计及其理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,针对重载夹持机构承载能力的研究只局限于分析个别因素对其影响,并未系统的评价夹钳承载能力,因此各影响因素对夹钳承载能力的影响权重不分明。这就使得设计者无法找出影响权重较大的影响因子,进而不能明确的提高其承载能力。因此系统的分析影响夹钳承载能力的所有影响因子,并针对重点影响因子进行详细研究对提高夹持装置承载能力有着十分重要意义。论文的主要研究内容如下：文中系统的分析了影响夹钳承载能力的各种因素,提出了评价重载夹钳承载能力的新方法——改进层次分析法,并针对夹钳设计、生产和应用过程中所涉及的承载能力影响参数做了细致研究,建立一套完整的夹钳承载能力评价体系。在评价研究成果之上,针对重点影响重载夹持装置承载能力的拓扑新机构,以原始模型为基础进行基于拓扑图的同构演化,然后对以减小整体转化装置自由度、提高整体力封闭性能为目的重载夹持装置拓扑变元优化方法进行了研究,并对新旧机构在垂直位置的夹持力封闭性能进行了分析判断。根据不同构型夹持装置的特点及实验要求,本文以常用的压杆式夹持机构为雏形,通过MATLAB结构参数优化,设计出承载能力1T,夹持力矩为2T/M的夹持装置,根据MATLAB优化出的参数结果建立理论仿真模型,并对优化前后夹持装置在是否考虑摩擦的情况下的承载能力进行理论分析计算。利用ADAMS虚拟样机仿真软件,对拓扑变元优化前后的夹持装置在是否考虑摩擦的情况下的承载能力进行虚拟仿真分析,最后对拓扑变元优化前后的夹持装置推杆推力进行现场测试实验。通过对比分析现场实验结果与仿真结果,发现两种结论基本吻合,表明变元优化后的夹持装置在垂直位置的承载能力的确有了很大的提高,进一步验证了采用改进层次分析法对夹钳承载能力进行评价结果的合理性和可行性,也为重载夹持装置构型设计及优选提供了可靠的理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, there are few studies about the influence factors for carrying capability of heavy clamping device. The existed research confine to analysis of individual factors for the carrying capability of heavy clamping device, which didn’t evaluate the carrying capability systematically. Therefore, the weight of various factors influent carrying capability is not clear. This makes the designers unable to consider all factors to improve the carrying capability systematically, thus can not be increase their carrying capability clearly. Therefore, there is a great significance to analysis all the influence factors and study of the key factors to improve the carrying capability of heavy clamping device systematically. The main contents are as follows:All factors that influent the carrying capability systematically are analyzed, proposes a new method to evaluate the carrying capability of heavy clamping device—improved AHP, and studies about the parameters delicately which influent the carrying capability in the design process of clamping production and application, establishing a complete set evaluation system about clamps’carrying capability of clamps.In the evaluation of the research results, by working on the topology of new agency that have influenced the carrying capability of heavy clamping device, the homogeneous evolution is made which base on the topological graph theory from original model. At the same time several isomorphism of special-shaped clamping devices is gotten, and the characteristics of the respective was analyzed. In order to minimize the freedom and enhance the carrying capability of heavy clamping device, this dissertation has presented a topology optimization method by changing the elements, establishing the topology of the new agency after optimization, and making a judgment about the jaw performance in force closure situation for the old and new institutions in the vertical position.According to the experimental requirements and the characteristics of different clamping devices, the author uses the typical compression bar-style clamping devices as the rudiment, depends on structural parameters that optimized by MATLAB, designs a 1T carrying capacity, 2T/M clamping torque of the clamping device, according MATLAB optimizes results to establish the theoretical simulation model, then the carrying capability of heavy clamping device before and after optimization is calculated in the case to consider fiction or not.The carrying capability of heavy clamping device is simulated by ADAMS before and after optimization under the condition of whether to consider fiction. In the end, experiments have been done to test the thrust of push rod about heavy clamping device before and after optimization. Through the comparative analysis experiment results and virtual simulation results, it includes that the two results are basically consistent, shows that the optimized heavy clamping device can improve the carrying capability when the clamping device is in the vertical position, and the result further verified the rationality and feasibility of using the improved AHP to evaluate the carrying capability of heavy clamping device, and also provide a reliable theoretical basis for configuration design and optimization of heavy clamping device.更多还原