大型公共建筑自然采光设计研究

【作者】 匙楠；

【导师】 石磊；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 建筑学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 现今国内外的大型公共建筑,由于特别的建筑形式,常规传统的自然采光方式很难提供足够的室内照度,因此很多都采用人工照明的方式进行补充,造成了采光能源较高的现实问题。因此,如何通过合理的设计、适当的技术,利用自然光来满足大型公共建筑的室内照度要求,是目前建筑节能设计的重点,也是未来的发展趋势之一。本文在总结现有自然采光设计理论、技术与工具的基础上,提出了适用于大型公共建筑的自然采光设计流程以及与之配套的自然采光被动式技术和软件模拟工具。基于提出的设计流程,文章着重分析了自然采光被动式技术的优化应用,包括建筑朝向、中庭、天窗、窗玻璃材料、遮阳等,研究了这些技术在大型公共建筑中运用的重点以及需要注意的问题。同时,文章还通过对国内外流行的热环境与光环境模拟软件进行了分析研究,最终结合大型公共建筑的特点提出DeST与Ecotect最适合用于联立分析大型公共建筑的热环境与光环境,并能指导相关优化设计。在上述研究的基础上,文章总结、归纳并提出了适合大型公共建筑自然采光设计要点,提出采光与室温之间的平衡方法。这些设计要点,适用于一般的大型公共建筑的自然采光设计,能够在提高室内照度与用户满意度的同时,降低建筑照明能耗,达到建筑可持续发展的目的。最后,文章运用本文所提出的流程、方法、技术,以广州新火车站自然采光设计为实例,具体分析了如何利用建筑朝向、天窗设计和遮阳布置,以获得良好自然采光效果。并运用DeST和Ecotect软件对改造设计方案进行计算机模拟分析。结果显示,通过这些技术的使用,建筑室内照度达到了令人满意的水平,符合国家标准,也兼顾了建筑室内热环境的优化,节约了大量照明能源,为将来的大型公共建筑自然采光设计提供了数据支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently, the domestic and foreign large-scale public buildings all have deep depth, so the common traditional nature lighting mode is hard to provide sufficient illumination, therefore, they basically adopt the mode of artificial illumination to supplement, which cause the reality of high cost lighting energy. Therefore, how to utilize nature light to meet the indoor illumination requirements of large-scale public buildings through rational design and appropriate technology, is the focus of building energy-saving design currently, is also the trend of future development.This article proposes the nature lighting design process of large-scale public buildings based on summarizing current nature lighting design theory and technology. Based on the proposed design process, this article focuses on analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of specific technologies such as building orientation, atrium, skylight, shading, etc., researches the application focuses of these technologies and the disadvantages need to overcome. Meanwhile, the article also through the domestic and international popular hot environment and light environment simulation software were analyzed, finally combining the characteristics of large-scale public buildings DeST and Ecotect proposed most suitable simultaneous analysis of thermal environment construction with light environment, and instruct the related optimization design.Based on the above studies, this article concluded, summarized and proposed design features which are suitable for the nature lighting of large-scale public buildings, proposed balanced method between lighting and room temperature. These design features can be apply into the nature lighting design of common large-scale public buildings, can increase the indoor illumination and customer satisfaction and also reduce the energy consumption of the building at the same time, to achieve the purpose of sustainable development of the buildings.Finally, this article applies the process, methods and technologies in the passage, takes the New Guangzhou Railway Station as example, analyzes how to obtain good nature lighting effects by using building orientation, skylight design and shading collocation in detail. And use DeST and Ecotect software to do computer simulation analysis on the rebuilding design plan. The result turns out that, the indoor illumination reached a satisfying lever by using these technologies, accords with national standards, and also pays attention on the optimization of indoor thermal environment, saves abundant lighting energy, and provides data support to the nature lighting design of future large-scale public buildings.更多还原