【作者】 杨正松；

【导师】 余健；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 采矿工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 缓倾斜厚矿体一直是世界公认的难采矿体之一,由于倾角缓,矿石不能借助自重放出,开掘底盘漏斗势必造成采切工程量大,采矿成本高。随着开采的进行,顶板暴露面积迅速增大,作业面不安全,留永久矿柱支撑顶板则会导致矿石的损失。而受矿石经济价值的制约,通常先进采装设备的装备率不高,导致生产能力低下。论文以云南铜业重点科技项目“玉溪矿业大红山铜矿铜铁合采可行性研究”(20080202)科研课题为背景,以缓倾斜厚大矿体高效低耗无废开采为目的,以大红山铜矿为研究对象,通过理论分析、室内试验、工业试验、数值模拟等方法,主要完成了如下研究工作：1、根据大红山铜矿现有采矿方法所体现出来的弊端,结合其发展目标,从高效低损无废的角度提出了空场开采嗣后充填法的新方案。2、运用Flac3D数值模拟软件对盘区沿走向布置时的矿房的最大跨度进行了数值模拟,提出了采用长锚索改善废石胶结充填体力学性能的思路。3、采用废石充填矿柱和全尾砂充填矿房组合充填的方式,使废石不出窿,选场排放的尾矿基本全部回填采空区,不仅提高矿井提升能力而且能实现无废开采。4、根据普式拱理论计算出废石胶结充填矿柱所需的抗压强度,根据全尾砂充填体的侧压计算出了废石胶结体所需的抗剪强度。并计算了长锚索在顶板中的最小锚固深度。5、采用不同配比的水泥和水及废石制备了废石充填体试块,进行了强度测试,所得数据采用回归分析后,建立了充填体抗压强度与水泥用量和用水量的关系模型,由此获得了满足强度要求的最优配比。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is universally considered that slowly inclined thick ore body is difficult to mine.Because of their small dip angle,the ore can’t draw by gravity.The quantities will be large while excavating footwall chute,which will lead to high mining cost.And along with mining,the exposed area of the roof is gonna to increase rapidly,then the work surface becomes unsafe.For solving the security problem,people choose to leave permanent pillar over.Therefore,amounts of ore gets lost.Furthermore,with the restriction of ore’s economic value,domestic mines usually been not equipped advanced machines, after that the productivity is low.This thesis is supported by the Key Technology Program "Feasibility Study on Combined Exploitation of Copper and Iron in Yuxi Mining Corporation Dahongshan Copper Mine " of Yunnan Copper Co.,Ltd.Taking Dahongshan copper mine for research,this thesis aims at finding the method to recovery slowly inclined thick ore body with high efficiency,low loss and wasteless.Through theoretical analysis,indoor experiments,numerical simulation methods and so on,the main contents are as follows:1.According to the disadvantages of the mining methods that Dahongshan copper mine adopts,considerating its development targets, this thesis proposed open stoping and filling afterwards method from the standpoint of high efficiency,low loss and wasteless.2.The limit span of room was numerically simulated by Flac3d software when panel is dispositioned along the strike direction.The thoughts that using long anchor cable ro reinforce the cemented filling with waste rock was proposed.3.To fill the pillar with waste rock and fill the room with unclassified tailings,not only the waste rock doesn’t need to be carried to the ground,the tailings also can be filled into the empty space.It will improve the capability of hoisting system,and can realize mining without waste.4.Based on the natural equilibrious arch theory,the compressive strength that the cemented backfill with waste rock needed was calculated,so did the shear strength according to the side pressure caused by unclassified tailings backfill.While,the depth of long anchor cables anchor into the roof was figured out too.5.A lot of cemented backfill with waster rock test block were prepared which were made of cement,water and waster rock by different proportion.After compress test,the strength data were analysed by regression analysis method,then obtained a regression equation,based on which the optimal proportion of cement content and water consumption was known.更多还原