【作者】 刘立顺；

【导师】 赵国彦；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 采矿工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 由于矿山开采深度的增加,矿体回采难度加大。为保证矿山生产安全,采场和巷道支护问题在矿山越来越受到重视。端锚预应力锚杆因其施工方便和主动支护的特点而广泛应用于开采支护中。为进一步掌握端锚预应力锚杆锚固特性,论文以新城金矿V＃矿体安全回采为课题背景,通过理论分析、现场监测及数值模拟手段获得了一系列重大结论。论文研究内容和研究成果如下：(1)以挤压加固理论为基础,对端锚预应力锚杆进行研究,得出了锚固范围方程。分析锚固范围方程的相关特性,获得了目前常用端锚预应力锚杆支护在各种工况下的最优间距和锚固外区范围。在研究块体理论的基础上,分析新城金矿顶板稳定性,发现对顶板进行锚固支护后,关键块体趋于稳定。(2)设计锚杆支护顶板安全监测方案,并以新城金矿63762采场为试验,获得了顶板岩移量和锚杆轴力的监测数据。分析和处理监测数据,得到了顶板岩移和锚杆受力在时间和空间上的变化规律。运用时间序列建立了预测模型,通过分析发现目前的支护方式能很好的控制岩体位移,保证顶板的安全稳定。(3)利用FLAC3D软件对端锚预应力锚杆支护进行了近似试验模拟和现场开采模拟。分析模拟结果并将模拟结果与监测进行对比分析发现：在合理的锚固参数下,锚杆支护可以在临空面形成强化板；高分段的采场回采,不仅要考虑顶板的安全,还应防止边帮岩体片落。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a result of the mining depth increasing, orebody extraction becomes more difficult. Stope and tunnel support are paid more attention to in mine to ensure security. End anchoring-grouting prestressed anchor are widely used in mine support as its easy construction and active support. To further understand the anchoring characteristics of end anchoring-grouting prestressed anchor, a series of important conclusions were obtained by means of theoretical analysis, on-situ monitoring and numerical simulation, with the project background of V# ore safe stoping in xincheng gold mining. Research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) Based on the theory of extrusion and reinforcement, the equations of the anchorage range were obtained by the research of end anchoring-grouting prestressed anchor. The related properties of anchorage range equations were analysed, thus to obtain the optimum anchor space and the anchorage outer zone corresponding to the variety of working conditions which are commonly used in mines. Based on the study of block theory, the stability of roof in xincheng gold mine was analysed, which showed that the key blocks were on the verge of stable after bolt support.(2) Monitoring scheme was designed for the supporting roof in stope, based on the test of stope 63762 in xincheng gold mine. The data of roof rock movement and axial force of anchor were achieved. The laws of roof rock movement and anchor axial force changing with time and space were obtained by analysing and computing the monitoring data. The prediction models were established by time series, which showed that the existing support way can effectively control mass displacement and ensure the safety and reliability of the stope roof.(3) The approximate experimental simulation and on-situ exploitation simulation of end anchoring-grouting prestressed anchor were done by FLAC3D. Simulation results were analysed, and simulation results and monitoring data were compared. The results show that:a reinforced plate was formed on the free face by blot supporting with reasonable parameters; in the high sub-stope mining, not only the safety of the roof, but also edges rock falling should be considered.更多还原