【作者】 谢颖；

【导师】 江南；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 物流工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着港口集装箱吞吐量迅速增加,堆场迫切要求提高港口作业效率。影响港口堆场作业效率的主要因素之一是过多的翻箱作业。本文针对后方堆场,根据集装箱初始位置将影响提箱翻箱量,以普通箱的堆码问题为研究对象,对堆场进行合理规划,在不同航线集装箱混合堆放的情况下,通过箱位优化分配模型以达到降低翻箱量,同时控制贝在合理使用水平。首先,介绍了堆场的相关知识,包括前方堆场和后方堆场的划分及功能,并对后方堆场内普通箱与特殊箱箱位分配需考虑因素及分配原则进行分析总结。其次,对翻箱问题进行深入分析,(1)总结翻箱的原因。(2)阐述了翻箱对作业成本、效率的影响。(3)对降低翻箱量采用的策略进行归纳。(4)介绍启发式翻箱量算法。然后,将集装箱堆场划分为箱大区和箱小区,并针对箱小区箱位分配问题建立优化模型。按集装箱的分类将堆场划分为若干个箱大区,每个箱大区中存放同一种类集装箱,如普通箱区、保温箱区等。箱大区进一步划分箱小区,箱小区内存放同尺寸、同重量级别的箱。在箱小区基础上建立箱位优化模型。模型以码取箱总代价最小为目标,构成总代价的因素有：箱小区整体叠压度、码箱时龙门吊移动的作业成本和码放紧凑程度。以贝内码箱时,同航线挂靠港远的箱压在近的箱上；跨贝码放时,以不同航线混压取箱难度最小等为约束条件。最后,采用MATLAB对模型有效性仿真验证。在各航线船出发次序随机情况下,将箱位分配优化模型所确定的码放方式与垂直式堆码,阶梯式堆码及平铺式堆码进行比较,计算结果表明该模型确定的码箱顺序能够有效减少翻箱量。结尾对论文进一步研究内容进行展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the great development container throughput at ports,it’s efficiency to improving their competitiveness. Overmuch relocation is one of the main factors that affecting the efficiency of container operation efficiencyAiming at container yard and considering stacking dry container as the research object, this paper focuses on slot assignment problem through optimization model of slot, made the container came different routes mixed piled up to reduce relocation and bay usage.Firstly, this paper introduces the relevant knowledge of yard, including marshalling yard and container yard’s division and function, and analysis and summary the consider factors and assignment rules of container yard’s dry container and special container.Secondly, in depth analysis of relocation problem:(1) Summary of reasons of relocation. (2)Relocation has the influence on cost and efficiency. (3) Summarize the strategies of reducing relocation. (4) The heuristic algorithm calculation is introduced.Thirdly, the yard is divided into big-regions and small-regions and the optimization model and algorithm of container stacking assigned research on small-regions.The container yard are divided into several big-regions by category. In big-region, the same category container are stored, for example: dry container region and insulated container region. The big-region are divided into several small-regions where the containers that have the same size and weight class.The optimization model and algorithm of container stacking assigned research on small-region. Optimization objective is the minimum of that including the overlying degrees of the bay, the cost of crane moving and the compactness of stacking. The constraint based container which destination more far should stacking higher in the same bay and the overlying degrees minimum when moving the crane.Finally, Computer simulations through MATLAB software, supposing the probability of different ship’s first leaving, compared those stacking method, including vertical, horizontal, tiers and optimization models, calculating the number of expectation relocation, the optimization models can bring less relocation is proved. In the end of this paper, intensive study of the subject which should be further studied are mentioned.更多还原