【作者】 李胜男；

【导师】 李白清；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 顺应论是Verschueren于2000年在其著作《语用学新解》中系统提出的,是考察语言使用的一个崭新视角。Verschueren认为人们使用语言是为了顺应不同语境对语言进行不断选择的过程。本文试图以顺应论为理论指导,从语言使用者、心理世界、社交世界、物理世界四方面入手,对美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马在不同场合演讲中的词汇选择进行分析。全文内容分为四章。第一章对公众演讲进行总体概述,介绍公众演讲的定义、特征以及分类,然后特别介绍美国总统演讲的具体特征；第二章对前人在公众演讲及美国总统演讲方面所做的研究做简要的文献回顾；第三章集中介绍论文所使用的理论依据——顺应理论。先对顺应理论做简要介绍,然后介绍语言的特征,并将重点放在顺应理论的语境顺应上；第四章分析奥巴马演讲中的词汇选择。主要分为四个方面,即词汇选择对语言使用者的顺应,对心理世界的顺应,对社交世界的顺应,和对物理世界的顺应。每一部分都列举了充足的语言实例来解释分析。本文认为,奥巴马演讲中对词汇所做的不同选择是对不同交际语境的顺应体现,此研究提供了对美国总统公众演讲进行分析的一个崭新视角,希望能帮助学习公众演讲的学习者们提高演讲技巧。更多还原

【Abstract】 Adaptation Theory, introduced systematically by Verschueren in his book Understanding Pragmatics in 2000, provides a fresh perspective from which people can interpret language in use. According to Verschueren, language use is a continuous making of linguistic choices by adapting to various contexts. Based on Adaptation Theory, this thesis makes a tentative analysis of the lexical choices in the public speaking of U.S. President Barack Obama from the following four aspects:language users, the mental world, the social world and the physical world. The whole thesis is made up of four chapters. Chapter 1 gives an overview of public speaking. It first deals with the definition, features and classification of public speaking, and then discusses the specific features of U.S. presidents’public speaking. Chapter 2 reviews previous studies both on public speaking and on U.S. presidents’public speaking. Chapter 3 focuses on the theoretical foundation of the present study. After a brief introduction to Adaptation Theory, the thesis presents the properties of language. Then it concentrates on the contexts in Adaptation Theory. Chapter 4 analyzes the lexical choices of the public speaking made by Barack Obama in detail. The re-analysis is made in four aspects:the adaptation to language users, the adaptation to the mental world, the adaptation to the social world and the adaptation to the physical world. In each part there are a great number of examples of lexical choices.It is pointed out in the thesis that the lexical choices of Obama’s public speaking adapt to different communicative contexts. The present study offers a new way of appreciating U.S. presidents’ public speaking, in the hope of giving some clues for learners to improve their public speaking skills.更多还原