【作者】 陈果；

【导师】 李锡鹤；

【作者基本信息】 华东政法大学 ， 民商法学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 共同危险行为是共同侵权行为中一种重要侵权类型。在当今社会,共同危险行为发生数量的增大、侵权形态的复杂化,对共同危险行为制度的理论体系及立法规范提出了更高的要求。本文主要讨论共同危险行为的构成要件及归责,通过对行为要件及责任承担的分析,对共同危险行为制度的基本理论作一简要梳理,以便能更好地理解并适用我国关于共同危险行为的现行立法。本文由前言、正文、结语三个部分组成。前言部分简要说明了共同危险行为立法的发展过程,交代了本文写作动机和关注问题,对正文部分有一个前提性铺垫。正文部分共三章组成。第一章试图通过分析民事共同行为、共同侵权行为概念及特点,对共同危险行为予以界定,以期对共同危险行为的基本特点得以梳理。共同危险行为属于民事共同行为和共同侵权行为,应具有二者之属性。此外,将共同危险行为与共同加害行为、无意识联络的数人侵权及高空抛物行为相比较,以便更深刻理解共同危险行为本质特征。第二章主要讨论共同危险行为的构成要件。主要探讨了共同危险行为主观过错问题,如共同过失说是否合理,单独故意是否可以存在等。对行为与损害结果之间因果关系予以分析,法律上推定危险行为与损害结果之间有因果关系,该种因果关系在理论上属“择一因果关系”。此外,加害人不明作为共同危险行为的特殊构成要件,也是共同危险行为区别于其他共同侵权行为的关键所在。第三章先分析共同危险行为的归责基础,法律课以危险行为人承担连带责任的法理依据何在;接着讨论共同危险行为人对外及对内责任承担问题;最后对我国现行《侵权责任法》第十条关于共同危险行为免责事由的规定作出评析,认为该条并未明确规定共同危险行为的免责事由,可能导致司法实务中对免责事由适用不一致的情形,希望通过上述对共同危险行为相关制度及法理分析,对该条的规定有全面正确的理解,以期立法或司法机关对共同危险行为免责事由适用作出确定一致的解释,以利于司法操作。最后,在全文基础上,予以概况,作出结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Joint dangerous act is a major infringement of joint tort. With the increasing number of risk behaviors, and with tort form becoming complex, the requirement of the theoretical system and legislative system about joint dangrouse act must be higher than before. This article focuses on the constitutive requriements of joint dangrouse act and its responsibility. Through the analysis of requirements and accountability for actions, the article makes a brief combing on the basic theory of joint dangrouse act in order to better understand and apply on the joint dangrouse acts in China existing legislation.This article is made up of the preface, body, conclusion .The preface is a brief description of the development of joint dangrouse act’s legislative process, explained the motivation and concerns of this writing. It is the premise of the body part .The body is made up of three chapters.The first chapter tries to analyze common civil behavior and joint tort and the characteristics of the both, in order to define clearly the joint dangrouse acts. Joint dangrouse actions belongs to civil common behavior and joint tort, should have their attributes.The second chapter discusses mainly the elements of joint dangerous act. Mainly discusses the problem of subjective fault of joint dangrouse act, such as whether common fault is reasonable or not, subjective intent can exist alone or not and so. Analyze the causation between the results of behavior and injury. The legal presumption of the causal link, in theory, is a "choose one causal relationship." It is "constitutive causality". In addition, "dubious inflicters" as a special constituent element, is also the key of making the joint dangerous act different from other joint acts.The third chapter discusses the liability fixation of joint dangerous act. Firstly analyze the liability basis, then discuss how the actors bear the responsibility. And lastly, talk about the condtions of exemption from liability in joint dangerous act. The 10^th article of "Tort Liability Act" make no definite provisions on exemption of the actor, which could lead to inconsistency of the appliation for exemptions in judicial practice. In order to facilitate judicial operations, we hope that the legislative of judicial organs make the same expression to the exemption from liability.Finally, based on the text, to be an overview and draw a conclusion.更多还原