【作者】 徐彩；

【导师】 陈文建； 陈俭；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 电子与通信工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络中,节点定位具有极其重要的地位。在大多数应用中,节点知道自己的坐标位置可以带来许多便捷。一般情况下,无线传感器网络中的节点是通过飞机撒播等方式随机部署在危险地带或者人类难以到达的区域。随机部署的方式和数量庞大的节点数注定了其位置无法事先确定,需要通过定位算法获得。节点获得正确的坐标位置不仅可以为实际应用提供有效地服务,如目标实时跟踪和监测、兴趣事件汇报、目标的轨迹预测等等,还可以协助路由,提高路由的效率,进一步实现网络的负载均衡,延长网络的生命周期。因此,无线传感器网络节点定位算法非常重要,在无线传感器网络实际应用中起着关键的作用。本文研究具有移动节点的无线传感器网络定位算法,即引入一个可移动的信标节点,主动的提供未知节点适当的虚拟信标节点坐标。这样不仅可以减少部署较多的昂贵的静止信标节点,而且移动信标节点可以直接同未知节点通信,从而提高定位精度。本文提出了两种具有移动节点的无线传感器网络定位算法,一种是基于改进的Random Waypoint移动模型的无线传感器网络定位算法。在改进的Random Waypoint移动模型中,我们对移动模型的每次移动的时间进行了限制,预先设定了移动时间阈值tth。我们分别比较了不同的未知节点数、移动信标节点速度、移动时间阈值tth对LARW定位算法精度的影响。另一种是基于空间填充曲线的移动信标节点定位算法。本文在对应章节对这两种算法做了详细的介绍。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the progress of radio and microelectronics technology, miniature sensor industry has also developed rapidly. Meanwhile, the research about wireless sensor network (WSN) attracts extensive attention. The WSN can be arranged in a broad area and be used to monitor the environmental parameter, for example, pressure, temperature, humidity and so on. But if we don’t know the position corresponding to these parameters, it will be meaningless to obtain these parameters. So node positioning technology itself becomes one of the keying technologies of wireless sensor network.Localization is very important for wireless sensor networks. Since the surveillance area is usually a dangerous area or a hostile area, node location is usually random and unknown. Sensor node must clear their own position in order to provide the incident occurred sites, and target tracking, real-time monitoring and forecast goal line, realizing such external locus of localization and tracking targets.On the other hand, sensor node location information can also assist routing and improve the efficiency of routing and so on. Therefore, node location is rather important.This master research localization algorithm based on mobile node for wireless sensor networks. Mobile node can provide virtual anchor coordinates, which is not only decrease the number of static anchors, but also increase localization accuracy. This master proposes two localization algorithms. One is a Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks based on Improved Random Waypoint Mobility Model; the other is a Mobile Anchor Localization Algorithm based on Hilbert Space Filling Curve. This master describes these algorithms in detail in corresponding sections.更多还原