水路交通突发事件应急物资配置研究

【作者】 阳礼；

【导师】 陈新；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 水路运输作为我国主要交通运输方式之一,具有投资省、运量大、运费少等优点。但水路交通突发事件的发生也威胁着生命、财产和环境安全。考虑到在应对水路交通突发事件的整个过程中,无论是对人员的救助,还是对突发事件响应等救援活动,都需要大量的应急物资。因此,从应急物资角度考虑,如何合理储备和调度应急物资也就成为水路交通突发事件应急管理的主要问题之一。从区域应急物资需求的角度出发,从应急物资种类、应急物资储备、应急物资储备评估、应急物资调度分配和应急物资配置系统开发几个方面进行研究。主要内容包括：(1)在分析水路交通突发事件应急物资特点及分类方法基础上,对应急物资进行了分类,特别是从应急物资储备和调度角度出发,按照重要度和常用度两个指标,运用聚类分析法对应急物资进行了分类研究。(2)以水路交通突发事件应急物资为中心,分析应急物资成本构成、虚拟需求点等,构建以应急物资成本最小的储备模型,并应用遗传算法求解模型最优解。(3)针对水路交通突发事件应急物资,应用DEA模型开展了应急物资储备评价研究,评价结果可以用来调整和修正应急物资储备量。(4)研究水路交通突发事件应急响应中物资调度问题,以应急物资调度成本最小,应急物资总延误时间最少为目标,建立了不确定区间数的单目标和多目标模型,研究在水路交通突发事件中的应急物资调度量。(5)基于应急物资分类、储备模型、调度模型和评价模型,结合用户需求,开发了水路交通突发事件应急物资配置系统。论文的研究成果可以为制定水路交通突发事件应急物资储备方案提供理论依据,同时也为水路交通突发事件应急响应中应急物资的调度提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the main modes of traffic transportation, waterway transportation has the characteristics of less investment, large volume, less transportation cost and etc. However, due to the waterway traffic emergent event, the life, property and environmental security are threatened. Emergency materials are demanded during the rescue including the wounded, the responding of waterway transportation and etc. From the view of emergency materials, how to reserve and dispatch the emergency materials is widely concerned in emergency management.The types of emergency materials, the storage of the emergency materials, the evaluation of emergency materials, the distribution of emergency materials and the emergency materials configuration system are discussed in this dissertation, the researches include:Based on the emergency materials and the classification methods, the emergency materials are classified, and then, from the view of emergency storage and the dispatching, the emergency materials are made further classification according to the indexes including importance and frequency.Based on analyzing the virtual demand point and the cost structure of emergency materials, the model of emergency materials store is constructed. And then, the model is solved by genetic algorithm.For the storage quantity of regulating and modifying, the emergency materials storage efficiency is evaluated by DEA model.The dispatching problem of the emergency materials after emergent events is discussed. Based on the emergency materials cost and the total delay time of emergency materials as the target, the single objective and multiple objective models of emergency materials are built.In accordance to the classification methods, storage model, dispatching model, evaluation model and user requirement, the waterway emergency materials configuration system of emergent event is developed.The research of the dissertation will provide the important theoretical basis for the scheme of the waterway emergency materials storage and dispatching.更多还原