电石生产过程自校正PID控制研究

【作者】 胡海波；

【导师】 孙瑜；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 电石作为重要的工业化合原料具有广泛的用途和市场前景,电石炉是生产电石的主要设备。针对电石炉是一个具有多变量、强耦合和时变等特点的被控对象,采用常规的PID控制算法难以实现三相电极的平衡和稳定,研究了自校正PID控制器在电石生产过程中的应用。本文主要研究工作包括：(1)研究了电石生产的工艺流程和生产设备,根据现场的功能需求提出了电石炉控制系统的设计方案。(2)针对电石炉的特点,建立了电极位置-电流模型。设计了现场数据采集的实验方案,并利用递推最小二乘法对模型进行了参数估计。(3)针对电极升降控制是电石炉控制系统的重点和难点,提出了基于极点配置的自校正PID控制策略。仿真发现该算法各方面的性能均优于常规的PID算法。(4)针对自校正PID控制器,设计了电石炉控制系统的软件部分,包括下位机PLC的程序和上位机WinCC监控界面。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the important industrial raw material for chemical combination, calcium carbide has wide application and market prospect. The major equipment for producing calcium carbide is calcium carbide furnace,which is a strongly coupled, multivariable and time-varying controlled plant.It is difficult to make three-phase electrodes balanced and stability using conventional PID control algorithm,so the application of self-corrective PID algorithm in the calcium carbide production is studied.The main work in this paper included:(1) The technological process and production equipment in the calcium carbide production were studied. The design scheme of calcium carbide furnace control system was proposed according to the functional requirement of work field.(2) The electrode positions-currents model was built according to the characteristics of calcium carbide furnace. The experimental scheme for on-site data gathering was designed and the model was identified by recursive least square method.(3) The electrode lift system was the focus and difficulty of calcium carbide furnace control system. The self-corrective PID algorithm based on poles-placing principle was proposed. The results of simulation showed that self-corrective PID control algorithm was better than conventional PID control algorithm on each item of performances.(4) Based on the self-corrective PID controller, the software of the system including the lower computer PLC programs and upper computer WinCC monitoring interface was designed.更多还原