提高澳斯麦特炉炉衬寿命的研究

【作者】 胡丕兴；

【导师】 曾青云； 李仲文；

【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 冶金工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 澳斯麦特炼铜法是一种连续式铜熔池熔炼法,在铜冶炼过程中有着广泛的应用实践。但是在澳斯麦特炉熔炼过程中,由于熔体始终处于搅动并且剧烈翻腾状态,熔体对澳斯麦特炉炉衬的损害较严重,从而导致澳斯麦特炉炉衬寿命相对较短。为了提高炉衬寿命,降低损耗,提高生产率,本论文对澳斯麦特炉炉衬寿命进行了研究,并提出以下改进措施:1、提高炉衬寿命最有效,成本最低的措施是让高温熔体尽可能的粘结在炉壁的砖衬上,即依靠炉衬挂渣的方法保护耐火材料,进而对炉衬进行保护。而挂渣就要做到以下几点:(1)合理控制炉内温度,将温度尽可能控制在1150～1220℃,避免炉内温度过热,对炉衬造成安全隐患。在过高温度下炉内壁挂渣质量差,加速炉内衬的蚀损。(2)合理控制渣型在1.2～1.4之间,其粘度小于5泊(1200℃),流动性适当。(3)合理控制热量传递,要求炉壁从炉内吸收的热量可以及时向炉壳外传递出去,可采用高导热率的耐火材料砌筑,并在炉壳与耐火材料之间捣打高导热石墨粉,同时确保水幕冷却均匀覆盖炉体外壳,将冷却水幕的温度差由原来设计的7～8℃改进为10～15℃。使炉衬温度能在短时间内降下来,保证炉衬内表面的温度低于熔体温度,确保炉衬挂渣质量。2、严格控制喷枪的浸没深度控制合适的喷枪浸没深度,使其顶部以插入熔体层200～300mm处为宜,这样尽可能地减少了炉衬的聚冷聚热,提高了炉衬的寿命。3、稳定加料量合理控制均匀稳定的加料量,使各工艺参数相对稳定,炉子操作维持常态化,有效的避免炉内聚冷聚热,从而降低耐火材料的损耗,提高炉衬寿命。通过以上改进措施,不仅使澳斯麦特熔炼炉衬寿命达到19个月左右,而且提高了喷枪喷入的含氧量(最高达46%),生产作业率从设计时的85%提高到目前的96%,日处理精矿量由设计的1000吨提高到3000吨,取得了良好的社会效益,创造了较大的经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ausmelt copper smelting process is one of bath smelting method, it is very popular in practical application. The melt in ausmelter copper smelting furnace is always at the status of uninterrupted rolling during smelting process, damage of line is serious because of melt. Thus, this can cut down life of furnace. In this paper, lining life of ausemlter copper smelting furnace was studied to prolong life of ausemlter furnace. The results can be concluded that it was taken the following measures to improve the life of line.1. The most effective and economical way to prolong life of ausemlter furnace is to make high temperature melting adhere to brick lining of wall. In another word, the measure of adhered slag on brick lining was taken to protect lining. To be realize this aims, the conditions is as following:First, it should be rational controlling the inner temperature of furnace. The temperature is at range of 1150～1220℃. To avoid overheat of furnace can be to prevent damage of lining because slag can not be adhered on brick lining at high temperature.Second, it should be to control rational ratio of Fe/Si, the value is at 1.2-1.4.Third, it should be to control rational balance of heat, the heat of furnace wall absorbed from inner furnace can be transferred to outer furnace in time, this can assure that the temperature of inner furnace surface is lower than that of melting. It is carried out to use high heat-transfer ratio materials for building furnace, and difference of spouting water temperature should be changed from original designed 7～8℃to 10～15℃.2. It should be controller strictly the immersed deeper of airbrush. The rational deeper as upper of airbrush is in 200-300mm of melting, this can be possible to decease quench and quick heated for lining to prolong life of furnace.3. The life of ausemlter furnace can be prolonged above nineteen months by taken the measures, it can also improve spouting oxygen concentration, the most is 46%, the working ratio of product can increase from designed 85% to 96%, the treated preparation concentrate can increase from designed 1000 tons pre-day from 3000 tons pre-day. It can attain good social and economical benefit.更多还原